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Unit C
environmental chem
26
Science
9th Grade
03/04/2010

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Cards

Term
Nitrogen Fixation
Definition
The process of changing free nitrogen so that the nitrogen can combine with other elements to form compounds that organisms can use.
Term
Pollution
Definition
Any change in the environment that produces a condition that is harmful to living things.
Term
Pesticide and Herbicides
Definition
Chemicals that kill or control pests and weeds.
Term
Solid Waste
Definition
Garbage found in households and industrial plants, such as large machinery.
Term
Sewage
Definition
Waste water containing undissolved materials from your kitchen, bathroom, and laundry.
Term
Effluent
Definition
Treated waste water that is released into lakes and rivers.
Term
Fossil Fuels
Definition
Formed from dead animals and plants.
Term
Sour Gas
Definition
Natural gas that contains hydrogen sulfide.
Term
Acid
Definition
Compound that dissolves in water to form a solution with a pH lower than 7.
Term
Base
Definition
Compound that dissolves in water to form a solution with a pH higher than 7.
Term
pH
Definition
The number of a solution that indicates its acidity.
Term
Neutralization
Definition
Acid-base reaction.
Term
Organic Compound
Definition
Compounds whose molecules contain carbon, except carbon dioxide,carbon monoxide, carbonates, and cyanides, which are inorganic compounds.
Term
Inorganic Compounds
Definition
Compounds whose molecules do not contain carbon.
Term
Macro Nutrients
Definition
Nutrients needed in large amounts. Ex. Vitamin C
Term
Micro Nutrients
Definition
Nutrients needed in small amounts. Ex. Selenium.
Term
Carbohydrate
Definition
Organic molecules made up of atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Term
Lipid
Definition
Compounds composed of many carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. Ex. Fats, oils, and waxes.
Term
Protein
Definition
Organic compound made up of units called amino acids; protein molecules contain atoms of nitrogen, hydrogen oxygen, and carbon.
Term
Amino Acid
Definition
Building blocks of protein.
Term
Nucleic Acid
Definition
Largest and most complicated molecules found in all the cells of living things; the two most important are DNA and RNA
Term
Diffusion
Definition
Process in which molecules move from an area of higher concentration.
Term
Osmosis
Definition
Type of diffusion in which water molecules move across a membrane from an area where there are more water molecules to an area where there are fewer water molecules.
Term
Active Transport
Definition
Process in which plant cells use energy to move nutrient molecules from areas of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration.
Term
Hydrolysis
Definition
Reaction of a substance with water.
Term
Substrate
Definition
Surface on which an organism lives or moves.
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