Term
| Where does pain normally begin with a client with acute pancreatitis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What common medications should be avoided with hepatitis? |
|
Definition
THE 3 A'S:
Aspirin, Acetaminophen and Antibiotics |
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Term
| What common medications should be avoided in the treatment of cirrhosis? |
|
Definition
"CAP"
Codeine, Acetaminophen and Phenobarbital |
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Term
Reduction of heart rate
and
masking of early hypoglycemia
is why this group of drugs is not used to manage acute variceal bleeding. |
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Definition
Beta-adrenergic blocking agents
ie
"the lol's"
ex: Metoprolol, Carvedilol, Propanolol |
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Term
Complications of cirrhosis
are... |
|
Definition
Portal Hypertension
Ascites
Bleeding esophageal varices
Hepatic Encephalopathy |
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Term
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Definition
| Fluid accumulation in the peritoneum |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Abnormal muscle tremors, aka
'liver flap' |
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Term
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Definition
| A bile pigment; product of red blood cell breakdown |
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|
Term
| Esophageal varices are... |
|
Definition
| Enlarged esophageal veins resulting from portal hypertension |
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Term
| Sclerotherapy is a treatment for... |
|
Definition
| esophageal varices, involves injection of a sclerosing agent |
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Term
| Nursing care actions for a new client admitted with cirrhosis and severe ascites might include... |
|
Definition
* Daily weights ( same time qday)
* Fluid restrictions ( free water restrictions)
* Low sodium diet |
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Term
| It is recommended that which groups of people receive a Hep B vaccine? |
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Definition
| Current recommendations are for ALL individuals to receive the Hep B vaccine |
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Term
| Neomycin is a short term therapy used for patients in liver failure. It's therapeutic action is.... |
|
Definition
Antibiotic, it kills the bacteria in the GI tract that produce ammonia
during the breakdown of proteins |
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Term
| Why does bilirubin increase during liver dysfunction? |
|
Definition
The liver normally converts it to a conjugated form, making it water soluble and easily disposed of by the kidneys.
Liver dysfunction = no conversion= build up in the system |
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Term
| This anti- anxiety medication is given during DT's due to it's effects being similar to ETOH |
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Definition
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Term
| Bluish discoloration of the left flank and periumbilical area indicates what occurence? |
|
Definition
Pancreatic hemmorhage
( usually related to acute pancreatitis) |
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Term
| Fibrosis, scar tissue and nodules in the liver tissue are characteristics of .... |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Pruritis is a manifestation of liver dysfunction that results from... |
|
Definition
Bile salt deposits on the skin.
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Term
| Causes of acute pancreatitis include: |
|
Definition
Alcohol abuse ( #1 cause in US)
Gallstones
Abdominal trauma
Virus infection
Drugs
Metabolic issues |
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Term
| Biliary pancreatitis is a result of.... |
|
Definition
Edema or an obstruction blocking the ampulla of Vater=
reflux of bile into pancreatic ducts OR
direct injury to the acinar cells |
|
|
Term
| Acute pancreatitis is.... |
|
Definition
An inflammation of the pancreas resulting in autodigestion of the pancreas by it's own enzymes
* it can be complicated by:
-edema
-varying degrees of autodigestion
-fat necrosis
-hemmorhage |
|
|
Term
| The exact mechanism that causes the activation of pancreatic enzymes inside the pancreas is unknown. The suspected cause with alcohol-related pancreatitis is..... |
|
Definition
A physiochemical alteration of proteins that results in plugs that block the small pancreatic ductules
( remember denaturing an egg with alcohol in BioBonds? picture that in the fine structures of your organs!) |
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Term
| Scorpion venom can cause... |
|
Definition
| pancreatitis. I don't think we'll be tested, but it is freaking awesome. |
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Term
| Labs used to confirm pancreatitis are... |
|
Definition
Elevated:
Serum and urinary amylase
Serum lipase
Glucosuria ( gluscose wasting in urine)
Decreased:
Serum Calcium
Most sensitive lab for diagnosing is: Lipase
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Term
| Why would O2 sats drop with acute pancreatitis? |
|
Definition
ARDS
pancreatic hemmorhage= enzymes into bloodstream= lungs= increase capillary permability= fluids can spill into pleural space
( this is a very simplified version, feel free to expand on this one)
ALSO:
bleeding with a hemmorhage= decreased hemoglobins to carry oygen about |
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|
Term
Your client with acute pancreatitis develops
tachypnea
fever and dry cough
fine crackles throughout lungs
confusion
agitation
hypoxemia
What do you think their diagnosis will be? |
|
Definition
ARDS =
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, a major complication of acute pancreatitis
Usually requires:
Intubation + Ventilation
ie
PEEP
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|
Term
Post pancreatic diet teachings for a patient include:
|
|
Definition
Low fat
NO ETOH
No caffeine |
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|
Term
| A patient's intial diet after an acute pancreatic diagnosis will be.... |
|
Definition
NPO;
avoid GI tract stimulation that may cause the release/acitvation of more pancreatic enzymes |
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