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Unit 6 Section B Vocabulary
Nuclear Radiation
7
Chemistry
10th Grade
07/20/2012

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Term
background radiation
Definition
the relatively constant level of natural radioactivity that is always present
Term
mutation
Definition
changes in the structure of DNA that may result in production of altered protein material
Term
beta decay
Definition
the radioactive decay of a nucleus accompanied by the emission of a beta particle
Term
decay series
Definition
the decay of a particular radioisotope, which yields a different radioisotope that, in turn, decays; this sequential decay process may continue through several more radioisotopes until a stable nucleus is produced
Term
solid-state detectors
Definition
a device used to monitor changes in the movement of electrons through semiconductors as they are exposed to ionizing radiation
Term
cloud chamber
Definition
a container filled with supersaturated air that, when cooled and exposed to ionizing radiation, produces visible trays of condensation, tracing paths taken by radioactive emissions
Term
scintillation counters
Definition
a detector of ionizing radiation that measures light emitted by atoms that have been excited by ionizing radiation
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