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Unit 5 vocabulary
Unit 5 vocabulary
14
Biology
9th Grade
11/19/2012

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Term
Punnett Square
Definition
A diagram used to predict the different genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring of 2 parents.
Term
Gregor Mendel
Definition
Mendel experimented on bean plants and demonstrated that certain traits are inherited by specific patterns.
Term
Gene
Definition
A sequence of DNA that codes for a trait.
Term
Allele
Definition
Different forms of a gene.
Term
Trait
Definition
A specific charicteristics.
Term
Law of segregation
Definition
States every organism has 2 alleles per gene and that each allele came from one parent.
Term
Independant assortment
Definition
States seperate genes for seperate traits are passed independantly of one another from parents to offspring.
Term
Dominant (allele)
Definition
Is the trait that will be expressed in an organism. (Always a capital letter).
Term
Recessive (allele)
Definition
Is the trait that will only be expressed if an organism does not also have a dominant allele.  (Always a lower-case letter).
Term
Heterozygous/ Hybrid
Definition
An organism has 2 different alleles for a single gene. (A,a)
Term
Homozygous/ Purebred
Definition
An organism has 2 of the same alleles for a single gene.
Term
Phenotype
Definition
Physical characteristics expressed by genes.
Term
Genotype
Definition
The genetic makeup of an organism.
Term
Monohybrid cross
Definition
Cross between 2 parents that follows the inheritance of 1 gene.
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