Shared Flashcard Set

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Unit 5
study guide
20
Environmental Studies
9th Grade
03/14/2013

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Cards

Term
What is frost wedging ?
Definition
Mechanical weathering occurs when physical forces break rock into smaller and smaller pieces without changing the rock's mineral composition
Term
What is frost wedging ?
Definition
After many freeze-thaw cycles, the rock breaks into pieces by a process called frost wedging
Term
When water freezes, it volume _______.
Definition
Its volume expands by about 9%, exerting a tremendous outward force. This force is great enough to burst water pipes during the winter
Term
Which of the following is NOT associated with mechanical weathering ?
Definition
Reactions with oxygen
Term
What is chemical weathering ?
Definition
Chemical weathering is the transformation of rock into one or more new compounds
Term
Which of the following is the result of chemical weathering ?
Definition
a rock that has been changed into one or more new compounds
Term
The atmospheric gas forms a mild acid when dissolved in water is _______.
Definition
Carbon dioxide
Term
what would cause the inscription on a marble gravestone to become harder and harder to read over time ?
Definition
Chemical weathering
Term
What climate does chemical weather favor the most ?
Definition
Climates with high temperatures and abundant moisture
Term
What are the major components of soil ?
Definition
a. mineral matter or broken down
b. organic matter or humus, which is decayed remains of organisms
c. water
d. air
Term
A soil's texture is determined by ______.
Definition
you use categories of clay, silt, and sand in the soil
Term
The main source of organic matter in soil is _______.
Definition
plants
Term
Use figure 5-1 to determine what soil is called if it has 20 percent clay, 60 percent silt, and 20 percent sand.
Definition
Silty loam
Term
What are the proportions of clay, silt, and sand shown at point B in figure 5-1 ?
Definition
Clay 20%, silt 40%, sand 40%
Term
What are the proportions of clay, silt, and sand shown ate point A in figure 5-1 ?
Definition
Clay 60%, silt 20%, sand 20%
Term
What are the proportions of clay, silt, and sand shown at point C in figure 5-1 ?
Definition
Clay 10%, Silt 20%, sand 70%
Term
A soil associated with the hot and wet tropics is _______.
Definition
laterite
Term
Pedalfer soils contains high amounts of _______.
Definition
Iron oxide and aluminum- rich clays
Term
The process responsible for moving material downslope under the influence of gravity is called ________.
Definition
Mass movement
Term
What is the force of gravity behind
Definition
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