1) Hematuria (RBC casts)

2) Azotemia

3) Oliguria

4) HTN

5) Proteinuria (Edema)

1) Post-streptococcal GN - Subepithelial humps, 1-4 wks after infection, 6-10 y.o., granular IgG, IgM and C3 deposits.

2) Post Infectious GN - Staph endocarditis, pneumococcal pneumonia, meningococcemia, Hep C, Hep B, mumps, HIV, varicella, mono, malaria, toxoplasma.

Type 1: Anti GBM

1) Renal Limited

2) Goodpasture's

Type 2: Immune Complex

1) SLE

2) Post-infectious

3) Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (IgA nephropathy)

Type 3: Pauci-immune

1) Wegener's

2) Microscopic polyangiitis

1) >3.5g/day proteinuria

2) Hypoalbuminemia

3) Edema (anasarca)

4) Hyperlipidemia, lipiduria

1) Drugs (captopril, penicillamine, gold, NSAIDS)

2) Cancer (lung, colon, melanoma)

3) SLE, thyroiditis

4) Infection (Hep B, Hep C, syphilis, schistosomiasis, malaria)

1) Hodgkins Disease

2) Respiratory infection

3) Finnish-type (nephrin mut.) or podocin mut.

4) NSAID use.

PROTEINURIA IS SELECTIVE (MOSTLY ALBUMIN)

1) HbS (sickle cell)

2) Heroin use

3) Heaviness (obesity)

4) HIV

5) Churg-strauss, IgA Nephropathy

COMPLEMENT

Primary:

1) Type 1 - Both alternative and classical complement pathways activated

2) Type 2 - (Dense Deposit Disease) Alternative complement pathway only.

Secondary:

1) SLE

2) Hep B, Hep C with cryoglobulinemia, endocarditis, shunt nephropathy, chronic abscess, HIV, schistosomiasis.

3) Alpha-1-antitrypsin

4) Leukemia, lymphoma

5) Complement deficiency

1) Inherited deficiency of Factor H which protects cells from damage by breaking down alternative pathway C3 convertase C3bBb.

2) Antiphospholipid syndrome (lupus anticoagulant).

3) Postpartum renal failure - 1 day to several months after normal pregnancy.

4) Systemic sclerosis.

5) Malignant hypertension.

6) Chemotherapy - Mitomycin, cyclosporine, cisplatin, gemcitabine.

7) Irradiation of kidney.