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| Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities |
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| Binational or multinational state |
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| one that contains more that one nation |
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| the greatest possible degree of something |
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| centripetal force, centrifugal force |
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| A force directed toward the center, which is real, vs. an apparent fictitious force directed away from a center, which is really just a result of Newton's first law. |
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| a state of political conflict using means short of armed warfare |
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| territories controlled by other countries |
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| An economic system in which the government controls a country's economy. |
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| have a rough, circular or oval shape without major indentations |
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| A system consisting of a league of independent states, each having essentially sovereign powers. The central government created by such a league has only limited powers over the states. |
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| the portion of a country that contains its economic, political, intellectual, and cultural focus. |
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| as one region or state expands in economic prosperity, it must engulf regions nearby to ensure ongoing economic and political success |
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| boundaries that mark breaks in the human landscape based on differences in ethnicity |
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| the action of making something democratic |
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| the delegation of authority (especially from a central to a regional government) |
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| disputes: positional, territorial, resource, functional |
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| The necessary reaction to scarcity. |
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| The study of the interactions among space, place, and region and the conduct and results of elections. |
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| Nicholas Spykman's theory that the domination of the coastal fringes of Eurasia would provided the base for world conquest. |
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| a permanent council of the United Nations |
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| an area of instability between regions with opposing political and cultural values |
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| government free from external control |
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| Spatially, devolutionary events most often occur on the margins of the state. |
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| A nationality that is not represented by a state. |
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| independent political units with territorial boundaries that are internationally recognized by other states |
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| supranational organization |
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Definition
| organization of 3 or more states to promote shared activities. |
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| A state's geographical shape, which can affect its spatial cohension and political viability. |
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| the behavior of a male animal that defines and defends its territory |
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| "third wave" of democratization |
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Definition
| systems based on individual freedoms and civil liberities and boasting fairer civic institutions, more active media , objective judiciaries, and stronger property rights |
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| European Union with the authority trade and other economic matters, justice and home affairs and common foreign and security policy |
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| An internal organization of a state that places most power in the hands of central government officials |
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| states with a long and narrow shape |
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| country may have another, national state in borders, could be inaccessible |
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| The identification and loyalty a person may feel for his or her nation. |
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| A European Union document not yet ratified, which incorporates a charter of fundamental rights; merges the judicial, economic, and defense aspects of the EU; establishes the European Council; and raises the number of seats in Parliament, among other things |
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| he agreement among the participating member states of the European Union to adopt a single hard currency and monetary system. |
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| an international organization of European countries formed after World War II to reduce trade barriers and increase cooperation among its members |
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| a government that divides the powers of government between the national government and state or provincial governments |
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| capital city positioned in actually or potentially contested territory usually near an international border, it confirms the states determination to maintain its presence in the region in contention. |
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| separating something into fine particles |
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| A state that includes several discontinuous pieces of territory |
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| The weakly defined political boundary regions of Antarctica and the Amazon Basin are examples of |
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| boundaries of convenience drawn along lines of latitude or longitude without consideration for cultural or ethnic differences in an area |
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d: dividing a state into odd shaped election districts for political reasons.
s:dispite many attempts to stop this practice, gerrymandering remains legal under most circumstances.
ex:changing the boundery lines after a presidential election. |
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| the study of the effects of economic geography on the powers of the state |
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| Increasing movement of goods, services and capital across national borders |
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| Hypothesis proposed by Halford MacKinder that held that any political power based in the heart of Eurasia could gain enough strength to eventually dominate the world. |
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| any instance of aggressive extension of authority |
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| organizations where governmental power is exercised |
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| After the Brown court ruling, schools had to comply with the Supreme Court's order to allow Black and White children to attend the same schools. |
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| Influence how family members communicate with each other |
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| the doctrine that irredenta should be controlled by the country to which they are ethnically or historically related |
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| state surrounded by other land with no direct outlet to the sea |
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| an economy that relies chiefly on market forces to allocate goods and resources and to determine prices |
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| recreation of market forces of supply and demand |
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| lines made to distribute water ways when states are within 200 miles of each other |
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| states with very small land areas |
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| minority/majority districting |
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Definition
| A rule by which the design of new electoral boundaries, must where possible, create electoral districts which have a majority population of some group which is a national minority |
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| an economic system that combines private and state enterprises |
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| The management of the money supply and interest rates |
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| a state that has more than one dominant region in terms of economics or politics (e.g., US, South Africa) |
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| a politically organized body of people under a single government |
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| A country who's population share a common identity. |
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| love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it |
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| a state that completely surrounds another |
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| boundary defined by a physical land mark like a river or a lake |
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| the subdivision of human geography focused on the nature and implications of the evolving spatial organization of political governance and formal political practice on the Earth's surface |
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| an overall set of values widely shared within a society |
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| politicization of religion |
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Definition
| the use of religious principles to promote political ends and vise versa |
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| the profession devoted to governing and to political affairs |
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| a city that ranks first in a nation in terms of population and economy |
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| To change from government or public ownership or control to private ownership or control. |
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| Friedrich Ratzel (August 30, 1844 - August 9, 1904) was a German geographer and ethnographer, notable for coining the term Lebensraum—"living space." |
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| the regional position or situation of a place relative to the position of other places |
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