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The table below shows some of the major events in Earth’s history. Which event marks the end of Precambrian time?
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Definition
| first animals with exoskeletons appear |
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Term
| The existence of humans on Earth represents a very short amount of time on the geologic time scale. In which epoch do we currently live? |
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| Early in the history of geology, scientists debated two different views of how geologic processes work. These two ideas became known as uniformitarianism and catastrophism. Which of the following correctly describes the early view of catastrophism? |
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Definition
| Geologic changes only occur in sudden, devastating events. |
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Term
| Jacob has one older brother and one younger sister. He wants to explain relative dating to them using their ages as an example. Which of these statements describes their ages using relative dating? |
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Definition
| Jacob is younger than his brother, but older than his sister. |
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Term
| Which property of fossils allows scientists to determine the relative ages of rock layers? |
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Definition
| Fossils show change over time as species evolve. |
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| A team of geologists compared the rock layers found in Florida to those found in northwest Africa. They placed all of the rock layers from the two regions in order from youngest to oldest. What did the team make? |
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A geologist is studying rock near a fault. She takes core samples starting near the fault and moving away. The table below lists the rocks in each sample. Area 1 is closest to the fault, Area 3 is farthest away. Which rock layer is likely to be an igneous intrusion?
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| Basalt is a gray or black igneous rock. Pilar uses an absolute dating method to study a sample of basalt. Which of the following phrases represents the age of the rock in years? |
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Term
The diagram below shows one kind of radioactive decay that is used for dating. When a rock formed, it contained the parent isotope, uranium-238, but it did not contain the daughter isotope. How would this rock change over time?
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Definition
| The amount of uranium-238 would decrease, and the amount of lead-206 would increase. |
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Term
| The composition of sedimentary rock shows the source of the sediment that makes up the rock. Which of the following would provide the best evidence of how the rock formed? |
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| Sometimes a fossil is formed as a result of the movement of an organism in soft sediment. What type of fossil is this called? |
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Term
The figure below shows one type of physical evidence that scientists use to understand Earth’s past. What type of physical evidence is shown in this figure?
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| In the 1830s, an English scientist proposed the idea of uniformitarianism to describe the process of geologic change on Earth. Which of the following words is most closely associated with uniformitarianism? |
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