Term
|
Definition
| This comes from fertilizers and other chemicals that lead to eutrophication and hypoxia in coastal marine areas. |
|
|
Term
| Pathogens and waterborne pollution |
|
Definition
| This is when human waste enters the water and is not adequately cleaned before it enters the water. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When containmenents such as pesticides, petroleum products, and other synthetic chemicals enter the water, making it dangerous to the environment within and surrounding the water. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when debree from mining, clear-cutting, land clearing for development, and careless cultivation of farm fields expose the soil to erosion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When people use the water to help with cooling buildings but when sent back to the streams it is not the same temperature it was before it was taken out of the water, and the organisms are not accustomed and cannot adapt that quickly. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when water pollution is emitted from discrete locations such as factories or sewage |
|
|
Term
| Non Point-source Pollution |
|
Definition
| pollution comes from many different places at once, such as farms, city streets and neighborhoods |
|
|
Term
| Water Pollution Control Act (1972) |
|
Definition
| made it illegal to discharge pollution from a point source without a permit, set standards for industrial wastewater, and funded construction sewage treatment plants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| this is the same but amended version of the Water Pollution Control Act |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Water that has already been used by humans |
|
|
Term
| Primary Wastewater Treatment |
|
Definition
| the physical removal of containminants in settling tanks or clarifiers, generally removes 60% of suspended solids from wastewater |
|
|
Term
| Secondary Wastewater Treatment |
|
Definition
| water is stirred and aerated so that aerobic bacteria degrade organic pollutants. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A wastewater disposal method consisting of an underground tank and series of drainpipes. Wastewater runs from the house to the tank, where solids precipitate out. The water proceeds downhill to a drain field of perforated pipes laid horizontally in gravel-filled trenches, where microbes decompose the remaining waste |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when uv light is used to clean the water. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a wet solution that is left behind when microorganisms decompose secondary sludge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nonliquid waste that comes from the homes, institutions, and small businesses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| watse from production of consumer goods, mining, agriculture, and petroleum extraction and refining. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| solid or liquid watse that is toxic, chemically reactive, flammable, or corrosive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| minimizes amount of waste generated, recover waste materials and find ways to recycle, and dispose of waste safely |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the flow of waste as it moves from its sources toward disposal destinations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where waste is buried in the ground or piled up in large, carefully engineered mounds. |
|
|
Term
| Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) |
|
Definition
the EPA created this.
enacted: 1976
amended: 1984
this is a law that puts regulations and requirements on landfills |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| liquid that results when substances from trash dissolve in water as rainwater trickles down |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (aka combustion) a ctrlled process in which mixed garbage is burned at very high temp. this also creates dioxin and other highly toxic chemicals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| facilities that convert the heat produce from waste combustion to boil water, creating steam to fuel a heating system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prevents waste generation |
|
|
Term
| Materials Recovery Facilities (MRFs) |
|
Definition
| workers and machines sort items, using automated process including magnetic pulleys, optical sensors, water currents, and air classifiers that separate items by weight and size |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a holistic approach that integrates principles from engineering, chemistry, ecology, and ecomics
seeks to redesign industrial systems to reduce resource inputs and to minimize physical inefficiency while maximizing economic efficiency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| track a life of a product, from its origins of raw materials, through manufacturing, to its use, and its disposal and look for other efficient ecological ways to produce it. |
|
|
Term
Electronic waste (e-waste)
|
|
Definition
| waste that is electronic devices (i.e. phones, computers, tv, etc.) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a smaller version of sanitary landfills that stores hazardous waste |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when a facility drills deep beneath the water tables and put the waste there. |
|
|
Term
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liabilities Act
(CERCLA) |
|
Definition
| est. a fed. program to clean up US sites polluted with hazardous waste from past activities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the program that does all the clean up work |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a neighborhood in Niagra Falls, NY that had to be evacuated b/c a company had buried toxic chemicals which rose to the surface over the years. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| science that examines the effects of poisonous substances on humans and other organisms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemicals that are man made to improve the growth of an organism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rachel Carson talks about how DDT is actually bad for ppl to have so much contact with it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemicals that cause cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemicals that cause mutations in the DNA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemicals that affect the development of embryos |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemicals that overactivate the immune system, making it harder to fight off sicknesses when necessary. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemicals the attack the nervous system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemicals that mess with the hormone system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a chemical that is mostly found within plastics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a chemical that is damaging to the human body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when toxicants build up together in an animals tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Artic national wildlife refuge
A place where it has lots of sources but it was put as a refuge to hold off on using its sources until actually necessary. Ppl have been debating on it for years now. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nonrenewable sources that humans use to help power machines and keep us warm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This is powered by nonrenewable sources and helps maintain our daily lives. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Aerobic: its alive and moves around
Anaerobic: can be either alive of not but is not able to move anywhere |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Energy returned - energy invested |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Energy returned/ energy invested |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It is formed from being tightly compact for so many years and is made completely from carbon from decomposed matter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When a system of tunnels is created beneath the ground in order to obtain coal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When a company tears off layer of soil away in order to reach coal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When ppl remove the tops of mountains to get access to coal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nonrenewable sources that we mainly use for heat and cooking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Formed by hundreds of differ hydrocarbon molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The initial drilling and extraction of crude oil |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Solvents are used or underground rocks are flushed with water or steam to extract the remaining oil. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A hypothesis that soon oil would reach a peak and would soon be hard to find. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Deposits of moist sand and clay containing 1-20% bitumen, a thick and heavy form of petroleum that is rich in carbon and poor in hydrogen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A sedimentary rock filled with kerogen and can be processed to produce liquid petroleum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Consist of molecules of methane with a crystal lattice of water ice molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When toxins mix with the water and evaporate into the atmosphere and the rain comes down as acid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| finding new sources to help us use less of the nonrenewable sources and to find a way to use less of it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Energy that holds together protons and neutrons within the nucleus of an atom |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The splitting apart of an atomic nuclei |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When the nuclear power plant had a meltdown |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When coolant water drains from the reactor vessel, temperatures rise inside the reactor core and metal surrounding the uranium fuel rods melt, releasing radiation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nuclear power plant exploded |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Place where the ppl are deciding to whether or not put waste from nuclear plants under it because its no where near a place when it affects the environment of humans and other exsisting organisms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The of firewood to get energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| These a fuels that can be used to fuel machinery such ethanol for cars. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This comes from when the ppl build some type of dam across a river. |
|
|
Term
| "New" renewable energy sources |
|
Definition
| These are sources that have been aroind for years but haven't been used to the fullest extent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When solar panels are used to follow the sun to capture the energy and use it for electricity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When buildings are created in certain ways that allow the building to get as much sun light for heat as possible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Using wind turbines to generate electricity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Not in my backyard. A syndrome of some sorts where ppl in inner city don't want the wind mills bc they are ugly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Energy that is obtained through facilities that send water down to the water table so it can boil back up steam since it is so close to the earth's core. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tidal, wave, OTEC. these are all ways of obtaining some type of energy from the ocean's movement and temperature |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ocean thermal energy
Using the oceans heat to gain electricity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Use hydrogen cells and it formation of the electrical bond with another element. The electricity created from the bond is used to power whatever technologies necessary |
|
|
