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| a double layered membrane that surrounds the cell. It regulates what enters and leaves the cell. |
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| a measure of how much of a given substance is mixed with another substance. The number of molecules packed into a given area. |
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| the spontaneous net movement of particles from an area of HIGH concentration to an area of low concentration. Example flow of food coloring in a glass of water. |
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| a state of balance in which there is little or no total change. The total number of particles in each region remains roughly constant. |
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| the diffision of solvent molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of high solvent concentration to an area of low solvent concentration. Example flow of water molecules across a cell membrane. |
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| a membrane that allows certain substances to pass through but does not allow the passage of other materials. Ex. Cell membranes |
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| a substance that is dissolved in another substance to form a solution. Ex. In salt water, the salt is this term. |
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| a liquid or gas that dissolves a solute to form a solution. In salt water, water is this term. |
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| Occurs when the concentration of two (or more) substances is balanced. |
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| The movement of molecules based on their concentration. NO ENERGY USED. |
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Definition
| the movement of molecules against a concentration gradient of from an area of LOW concentration to High concentration. ENERGY IS USED and proteins on a cell's membrane must help molecules move. |
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| a process in which the cell releases material (molecules that are too large to pass through the membrane) by engulfing it with their cell membrane. |
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| The process in which the cell releases material (molecules that are too large to pass through the membrane) by fusing a filled vesicle with the cell membrane. |
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Definition
| the process within the chloroplasts in which energy from sunlight is used to convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. |
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Definition
| the process by which (plant and animal) mitochondria break down sugar by using oxygen to make ATP (energy). |
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Definition
| the process by which sugars are broken down to produce energy without the use of oxygen. |
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