Term
Cell Anatomy
Cytoskeleton
(Functions) |
|
Definition
Maintains cell shape & structure
Provides strength
Allows for movement inside cell
Allows for movement of the cell |
|
|
Term
Cell Anatomy
Nucleus
(Function) |
|
Definition
| Stores and protects DNA,site of DNA and RNA synthesis |
|
|
Term
Cell Anatomy
Nucleus
(3 part structure) |
|
Definition
Nuclear Envelope
Nuclear Pores
Nucleous |
|
|
Term
Cell Anatomy
Nuclear Envelope |
|
Definition
| Double membrane around nucleus |
|
|
Term
Cell Anatomy
Nuclear Pores |
|
Definition
| Openings in nuclear envelope to let materials in/out |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dense area storing proteins and RNA to make ribosomes |
|
|
Term
Cell Anatomy
Ribosomes
(Function) |
|
Definition
| Protein synthesis, bind to mRNA and join correct amino acids to make proteins |
|
|
Term
Cell Anatomy
Endomembrane System
(consists of) |
|
Definition
| Nuclear envelope, the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and several types of vesicles |
|
|
Term
Cell Anatomy
Endoplasmic Reticulum
(Structure) |
|
Definition
| Series of membrane channels connected to the nuclear membrane |
|
|
Term
Cell Anatomy
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
(Function) |
|
Definition
| Ribosomes attached; site of membrane and protein synthesis |
|
|
Term
Cell Anatomy
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum |
|
Definition
| No ribosomes attached; site of lipid synthesis |
|
|
Term
Cell Anatomy
Golgi Apparatus
(Function & structure) |
|
Definition
Structure:Series of membrane sacs stacked on top of each other
Function: sorts, modifies, & packages proteins &lipids for secretion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Plant cells only
Uses light to convert CO2 & H2O into glucose |
|
|
Term
Organelles
Mitochondria
(Function) |
|
Definition
| Harvest energy from glucose and use it to make ATP |
|
|
Term
Organelles
Mitochondria
(Structure) |
|
Definition
| Outer membrane surrounds mitochondria |
|
|
Term
Cytoskeleton
Microtubulues
(Function) |
|
Definition
| Long thick filaments that form a network from nucleus toward membrane that allow movement inside and outside the cell |
|
|
Term
Cytoskeleton
Microfilaments (function) |
|
Definition
| Short thin filaments that form a network under the plasma membrane that support and change cell shape |
|
|
Term
Cytoskeleton
Intermediate Filaments
(Function) |
|
Definition
| Middle sized filaments that form networks at nucleus and cell junctions that provide strength |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of vesicle that holds many enzymes to digest most molecules |
|
|
Term
Cell Anatomy
Vesicles
(3 types) |
|
Definition
Membrane enclosed sacs that bud off the ER, Golgi, or plasma membrane;
Transport Vesicles
Lysosomes
Peroxidomes |
|
|
Term
Cell Anatomy
Transport Vesicles
(Function) |
|
Definition
| Carry materials from one part of the cell to another |
|
|
Term
Cell Anatomy
Peroxisomes
(Function) |
|
Definition
| Break down toxins, drugs, hydrogen peroxide, free radicals, etc... |
|
|
Term
Membrane Function
Passive Transport |
|
Definition
| Does not require energy/ATP because they move down the concentration gradient |
|
|
Term
Membrane Function
Diffusion |
|
Definition
| The movement of molecules from a higher to a lower concentration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The diffusion of H2O across a semipermeable membrane from high to low concentration |
|
|
Term
Membrane Function
Isotonic Solution |
|
Definition
| The solute and H2O concentration inside and outside the cell are equal |
|
|
Term
Membrane Function
Hypotonic Solutions |
|
Definition
| Less solute outside the cell than inside the cell. Water moved toward the higher concentration of solute so water moves into the cell causing it to swell or burst |
|
|
Term
Membrane Functions
Hypertonic |
|
Definition
| There is more solute outside the cell than inside the cell. causing the cell to shrink |
|
|
