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Unit 3
Biological Bases of Behavior
73
Psychology
12th Grade
10/07/2013

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Term
Biological perspective
Definition
To understand behavior by understanding the biological processes associated with those behaviors. This includes the brain, nervous system, genetics, and more.
Term
phrenology
Definition
the study of bumps on the head to determine brain abnormalities
Term
neuron
Definition
interconnected cells that go throughout the body
how the body communicates
Term
sensory neuron
Definition
send message to the brain
Term
motor neuron
Definition
take signals from the brain to places
Term
interneurons
Definition
neurons in brain that allows the brain to communicate with other parts of the brain
Term
dendrite
Definition
receives message from other neurons, branches of the cell body
Term
axon
Definition
long single extension of a neuron
Term
synapse
Definition
junction between the gap of neurons
Term
myeline stealth
Definition
insulation of the axon to speed up messages through neurons
Term
action potential
Definition
the idea that one neuron has the message at a time, has the charge
Term
threshold
Definition
right when the dendrite receives the message. at the tips of the dendrite
Term
neuro transmitter
Definition
chemical messages
Term
reuptake
Definition
extra neurotransmitter go back to the original neuron
Term
acetylcholine
Definition
involved in voluntary movement, learning and sleep
Term
serotonin
Definition
function deals with mood control
inhibitory
Term
endorphins
Definition
blocks pain signals and stress signals making it less painful
inhibitory
Term
nervous system
Definition
consist of all the nerve cells it is the bodes speedy communication
Term
central nervous system
Definition
brain and spinal cord
Term
peripheral nervous system
Definition
the sensory and motor neurons
Term
somatic nervous system
Definition
the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the bodies skeletal system
Term
automatic nervous system
Definition
part of the PNS that controls the glands and other organs
Term
parasympathetic nervous system
Definition
division o f the ANS that calms the body
Term
sympatetic nervous system
Definition
division of ANS that arouses the body
Term
endocrine system
Definition
system of glands that that secrete hormones
Term
hormones work a lot slower than the
Definition
neuro transmitters in the Nervous System
Term
hormones
Definition
chemicals synthesized by the endocrine gland
Term
pituitary gland
Definition
controls physical growth
Term
adrenal
Definition
flight or fight response
Term
thyroid
Definition
metabolism
Term
lesion
Definition
removal or description of some part of the brain
Term
EEG
Definition
detects brain waves through electoral output
Term
CT
Definition
3D XRay of the brain, doesn't show function
Term
PET
Definition
Chemical the brain is using, shows brain activity
Term
mri
Definition
used magnetic waves to create a still picture. very specific
Term
fmri
Definition
combination of PET and MRI
Term
Thalamus
Definition
relay center. signals get sent to brain and the thalamus sends it where it needs to go
Term
brainstem
Definition
connects to spinal cord
Term
medulla
Definition
in charge of breathing, heartbeat, blood circulation
Term
reticular formation
Definition
arousal alertness and attention
Term
cerebellum
Definition
little brain. coordination balance posture equilibrium
Term
pons
Definition
regulates sleep and dreaming brings messages from your cerebellum to your cerebral cortex
Term
limbic system
Definition
emotion center
Term
amygdala
Definition
emotion- fear and anger
Term
hippocampus
Definition
memory
Term
hypothalamus
Definition
controls endocrine a system, hunger , thirst
Term
pituitary gland
Definition
master gland, controls growth
Term
cerebral cortex
Definition
outer layer of brain
Term
frontal lobe
Definition
abstract thoughts, judgement, movement, and personality control
Term
motor cortex
Definition
controls voluntary movement
Term
parietal lobe
Definition
receives incoming touch sensations and organ sensory
Term
sensory cortex
Definition
receives info from skin and organs
Term
temporal
Definition
process sound sensed by ears
Term
occipital
Definition
deals with vision
Term
corpus callous
Definition
fibers that communicate left side with right side
Term
aphasia
Definition
imparement of language
Term
brocas aera
Definition
speech production
Term
wernickes area
Definition
understanding/ comprehension
Term
plasticy
Definition
the idea that the brain when damaged will find new ways to communicate
Term
hemisphere laterization
Definition
theory that you can be dominate left brain or dominat right brain
Term
innate
Definition
present at birth
Term
evolutionary psychology
Definition
gradual process of biological change that occurs, adaptation over time
Term
natural selection
Definition
survival of the fittest
Term
CHROMOSOMES
Definition
thread life structures with genes are organized
Term
DNA
Definition
complex molecule that encodes genetic characteristics
Term
genes
Definition
segments of DNA that are responsible for specific traits
Term
genotype
Definition
organisms genetic make up
Term
PHENOTYPE
Definition
observable physical characteristics
Term
identical twins
Definition
one egg splits into two zygote
Term
fraternal twins
Definition
two separate eggs that develop
Term
mutation
Definition
the alteration of a gene
Term
molecular genetics
Definition
the study or concern of genetics at a molecular level
Term
pineal gland
Definition
sleep patters seasonal functions
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