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| Which branch of our government holds the "power of the purse"? |
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(December 12, 1745 – May 17, 1829) was an American statesman, Patriot, diplomat, a Founding Father of the United States, and the first Chief Justice of the United States (1789–95).
was born into a wealthy family of merchants and government officials in New York City. He became a lawyer and joined the New York Committee of Correspondence and organized opposition to British rule. He joined a conservative political faction that, fearing mob rule, sought to protect property rights and maintain the rule of law while resisting British violations of human rights.
served as the President of the Continental Congress (1778–79). During and after the American Revolution, Jay was a Minister (Ambassador) to Spain and France, helping to fashion United States foreign policy. His major diplomatic achievement was to negotiate favorable trade terms withGreat Britain in the Treaty of London of 1794.
a proponent of strong, centralized government, worked to ratify the new Constitution in New York in 1788 by anonymously writing a few of the Federalist Papers, along with the main authors Alexander Hamilton and James Madison. |
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| Allows the congress to have more powers because they were hinted at in the consitution. Such as when they are allowed to make banks because of the power they have to manage money. It is implied that they can have a national bank. |
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| There are more rights than these rights for the people. |
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| Father of the Constitution. Wrote Bill of Rights almost single handedly. |
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| Laws apply equally to every person. |
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| No cruel or unusual punishment. |
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| HEY!!!!!!! Need equal representation! This is for the smaller states. |
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| Leader = speaker of the house 435 members |
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| Articles of the Constitution |
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— Article I: Legislature
— Article II: Executive
— Article III: Judicial
— Article IV : States’ Rights
— Article V: Process for Amending
— Article VI: Supremacy of Constitution, oaths
— Article VII: Ratification of Amendments |
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| This system was built so that no one branch of our government could become too powerful. Each branch "checks each other." |
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| If an individual's rights were violated in a case in district court, what decision would the appeals court give? |
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| If an individual's rights were violated in a case in district court, what decision would the appeals court give? |
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| Congress argument- needs representatives- more people=more reps, Makes big states DOMINANT. |
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| Appointed by the president. Job for life. |
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1 slave= 3/5 of a person
5 slaves= 3 people
North and south dissagreement. South wanted slaves to count as people even though they couldn't vote or have rights, because this would give them more seats in the government to solidify their power. The north didn't want this! |
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| When soldiers get sleepy you don't have to let them sleep up on yo couch.Right to say no to quartering of soldiers. |
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| You have a right to a speedy trial with adequate representation. |
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| Right to have freedom of speech, religion, assembly, and press. Plus you have the right to assemble in crowds and protest. |
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| The 27 expressed powers of Congress listed in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution grant the legislative branch a huge amount of authority over American national policy, both foreign and domestic. |
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| The Purpose of the Bill of Rights |
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| To guarantee the individual rights of citizens under the Constitution. |
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| Head of White House office. |
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| When the president decides against a bill. |
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| Trial by jury in federal court. |
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He was the first president!
INFO:
Dissatisfied with the weaknesses of Articles of Confederation, in 1787 Washington presided over the Constitutional Convention that drafted theUnited States Constitution. Elected unanimously as the first President of the United States in 1789, he attempted to bring rival factions together to unify the nation. He supported Alexander Hamilton's programs to pay off all state and national debt, to implement an effective tax system and to create a national bank (despite opposition from Thomas Jefferson). Washington proclaimed the United States neutral in the wars raging in Europe after 1793. He avoided war with Great Britain and guaranteed a decade of peace and profitable trade by securing the Jay Treaty in 1795, despite intense opposition from the Jeffersonians. Although never officially joining the Federalist Party, he supported its programs. Washington's "Farewell Address" was an influential primer on republican virtue and a warning against partisanship, sectionalism, and involvement in foreign wars. |
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2 senators from each state rotating elections helps maintain stability
100 senators in the senate... |
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| Where the constitutional convention was held. |
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| This amendment says that you cannot be tried or prosecuted for any crime without a prior Grand Jury meeting, to decide whether there's enough evidence for a trial. If you are proved to be innocent by the jury, the government can not try you second time with another jury. You need not testify against yourself during the trial and you cannot be killed or put in jail or fined, unless you were declared guilty of a crime by a jury. Also the government can not take your house or your farm or anything that belongs to you, unless the government pays for it. |
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Why did the rebellion start? --------- Because of unfair taxes on farmers in Massachusetts.
Who lead the rebellion? ------ Daniel Shays
Where did the rebellion demonstrate? ------ Supreme court 1786
Where did they hide? -------- In the woods of Vermont.
What did it lead to? -------- Writing of the constitution!!!
SHOWED WEAKNESS IN THE ARTICLES OF CONFERERATION! |
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| Declaration of Independence |
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| a statement adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, which announced that the thirteen American colonies, then at war with Great Britain, regarded themselves as independent states, and no longer a part of the British Empire. John Adams had put forth a resolution earlier in the year, making a subsequent formal declaration inevitable. A committee was assembled to draft the formal declaration, to be ready when congress voted on independence. Adams persuaded the committee to select Thomas Jefferson to compose the original draft of the document,[2]which congress would edit to produce the final version |
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| States would get equal representation in the Senate, and population-based representation in the House of Representatives. Resolved the Virginia and New Jersey plan!!! |
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The separation of powers into three independent branches protected the rights of the people. Each branch represents a different aspect of the people, and because all three branches are equal, no one group can assume control over another.
A listing of rights can be a dangerous thing. If the national government were to protect specific listed rights, what would stop it from violating rights other than the listed ones? Since we can't list all the rights, the Federalists argued that it's better to list none at all. |
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| Right to bear arms and cannons. I bet the minute men didn't know about handguns. |
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| Headed by the Supreme Court. Its powers include interpreting the Constitution, reviewing laws, and deciding cases involving states' rights. |
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No one can search and seize, it protects me unless people have a warrant to arrest me. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
(Nobody can search your body, or your house, or your papers and things or give a warrant unless they can prove to the judge that they have a strong reason to think you are guilty or have committed a crime.) |
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| Headed by the president. The president carries out federal laws and recommends new ones, directs national defense and foreign policy, and performs ceremonial duties. Powers include directing government, commanding the Armed Forces, dealing with international powers, acting as chief law enforcement officer, and vetoing laws. The three parts of the branch are the Executive Office of the President, the cabinet, and the independent agencies. |
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| First 10 amendments of the Constitution. |
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Written by Madison, Hamilton and Jay to convince NY that the constitution and a strong federal government is a GOOD idea.
Put out to convince people to vote for constitution!!!!!!! |
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| Headed by Congress, which includes the House of Representatives and the Senate. The main task of these two bodies is to make the laws. Its powers include passing laws, originating spending bills (House), impeaching officials (Senate), and approving treaties (Senate). |
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| Constitutional Convention |
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| took place from May 25 to September 17, 1787, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to address problems in governing the United States of America, which had been operating under the Articles of Confederation following independence from Great Britain. Although the Convention was intended to revise the Articles of Confederation, the intention from the outset of many of its proponents, chief among them James Madison and Alexander Hamilton, was to create a new government rather than fix the existing one. The delegates elected George Washington to preside over the Convention. The result of the Convention was the United States Constitution, placing the Convention among the most significant events in the history of the United States. |
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| Is the doctrine under which legislative and executive actions are subject to review (and possible invalidation) by the judiciary. |
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was a Founding Father,[2] soldier, economist, political philosopher, one of America's first constitutional lawyers and the first United States Secretary of the Treasury.
was among those dissatisfied with the Articles of Confederation—the first attempt at a national governing document—because it lacked an executive, courts, and taxing powers. He led the Annapolis Convention, which successfully influenced Congress to issue a call for the Philadelphia Convention in order to create a new constitution. He was an active participant at Philadelphia and helped achieve ratification by writing 51 of the 85 installments of the Federalist Papers, which supported the new constitution and to this day is the single most important source for Constitutional interpretation. |
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| Powers not specifically given to the Federal government are reserved to the states or individual |
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| Liberalism- wanted basic rights for the people |
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| Leader of the Executive branch. |
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| Anti-federalist constitution views |
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They didn't want a strong government, wanted Articles of Confederation.
DIDNT WANT CONSTITUTION POWER TO THE STATES!!!!!
It gave too much power to the national government at the expense of the state governments.
There was no bill of rights.
The national government could maintain an army in peacetime.
Congress, because of the `necessary and proper clause,' wielded too much power.
The executive branch held too much power. |
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| Articles of Confederation |
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The first constitution written in 1777.
Too many weaknesses, the government powers were too limited. The people were nervous about their new country turning into a monarchy. This gave too much power to the states, and they had no central government. |
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