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| Invented by Eli Whitney, it cleaned cotton and allowed more to be produced faster and increased the profit that it brought in. |
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| The south's nickname because they were reliant on large plantations that often grew cotton. |
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| large farms with a lot of slaves that mass-produced cash crops like cotton and tobacco. |
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| Invented the steal plow and it allowed people to move out west to farm the hard prairie |
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| Invented the mechanical reaper and allowed the harvesting of grain to go faster and easier |
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| A time period in the 1800s where may technological advancements were being made that would change the future. |
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| Factory plans that were stolen from Britain and used to build our own factories and mass-produce products. |
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| Parts of something like a car or a gun could be easily replaced where as before they were one of a kind and made by one artist and if it broke you would have to buy a new one. |
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| The thought that all the jobs belonged to the people of the US who were born here. |
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| A secret society made up of people who elected officials to ban immigration so that all the native born Americans would have all the jobs. |
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| Connect the east and west markets. |
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| Invented the steamboats that were used to sail the Erie Canal. |
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| Invented Morse Code and the telegraph that was the first instant communication system. |
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| Improvements that were made to the US for its people. |
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| Loyalty and devotion to ones nation. |
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| Signed in 1819 when Spain surrendered Florida to the US. |
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| Foreign policy doctrine set forth by President Monroe in 1823 that discouraged European intervention in the Western hemisphere. |
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| When the country was unified, only one political party so there were no more political fights |
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| People started to disagree again over slavery and tariffs and started forming groups to fight for what would help their secition of the US. |
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| 1820 agreement calling for the admission of Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, and banning slavery in the Louisiana Purchase |
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| Purchased form the French when Napoleon took power and couldn't handle it. He sold it so he could get the money and wouldn't have to deal with it. |
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| Supply was greater then demand and prices fell and people lost their jobs it was much like a small depression. |
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| Placed many smaller national banks in states once the bank was reestablished and Maryland fought against it by placing a tax on the banks operations but was quickly nullified by the Marshall court |
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| NY wanted a steamboat monopoly and the state said that it was inter-state commerce, which was under the jurisdiction of the federal government. |
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| Between Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams. Jackson lost because Clay convinced Congress to break the tie in Adams’ favor even though he was the son of a federalist. |
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| Adams was accused of this since he made Clay secretary of state after helping him win the election. |
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| 1828 protective tariff, so named by southern opponents. |
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| Andrew Jackson and his followers’ political philosophy concerned with the interest of the common people and limiting the role of the federal government. |
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| Universal manhood suffrage |
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| every man can vote. No longer have to own property to vote. |
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| practice of the political party in power giving jobs and appointment so its supporters, rather than to people based on their qualifications. |
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| member of the nationalist political party formed in 1832 in opposition to the Democrats. |
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| when the government was trying to figure out if states could nullify federal law. |
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| Banks in the states that held part of the national US treasury. To give them more power over the economy. |
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| An economic plan that was based on business. It was what the economy had become even though it had started as an agricultural based economy. All that changed once the industrial revolution showed up. |
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| Jacksons supporters and it was mainly southern plantation owners. |
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| Leader of the south and organized it against the tariffs. He was a major player in the panic that surrounded the threat of South Carolina’s threat to secede. |
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| An essay written by Calhoun, it argued that states had the right to refuse to follow any unconstitutional laws. |
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| a “War” on wither the bank should be reestablished.It wasn't really a war more of a political arguement. |
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| as another economic recession that cause panic in the US. Inventors who were borrowing heavily from banks caused it and then when they found that the inventions were useless and couldn’t pay it back the bank lost money and people lost money and they panicked as the supply of money dropped and businesses had to cut back on jobs once again. |
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| The thought of the frontiersmen that it was their god given mission and right to move out west and civilize and settle the west. |
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| The trail that Lewis and Clark made when they surveyed the land after the Louisiana Purchase. The trail was used by settlers and trappers to help settle the west. |
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| An act passed by congress to move the Native Americans across the MS River and into Oklahoma. Where the reservations were. As time went by and the greed for more land grew the reservations got smaller and smaller. |
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| Developed the alphabet for the Cherokee language. Eventually lead to the constitution that they wrote saying that the US couldn't tell them what to do. |
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| This was what made the Cherokee land submit to the power of the US government. They abolished tribal rule and renamed the Cherokee land Georgia. |
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| The trail that the Indians followed to cross the MS River. They were supposed to have assistance moving from the government but it never showed up. Many Indians died on this trail as they moved and it was named the trail of tears because of all the suffering. |
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| Americans, who had moved into Mexican territory were unhappy with the government and decided that they wanted to be free of the governments rule. They started a war with the Mexican government and eventually defeated General Santa Anna and captured him. They forced to him to sign a treaty that said that it was free from them but the Mexican government refused to accept it. There for when The US brought it into the union the Mexican government was rather upset. |
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| Webster- Ashburton Treaty |
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| Boundaries with Britain in the north were still rather shaky so the US and Britain decided to settle it with the treaty. They two countries agreed on the boundaries around Maine and the great lakes. |
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| "Fifty-four forty or fight!" |
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| We wanted all of Alaska but Britain said no. They eventually compromised with the 49th parallel. |
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| Was an unsuccessful attempt to ban slavery in any lands acquired from Mexico. |
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| It started with the annexation of Texas when it was brought into the US. They Mexican government saw it as a declareation of war and they started attacking the US. At first The US paid no attention to it until American blood was spilt. The US defeated the Mexican army in 1848. |
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| Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo |
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This was when the Mexican government handed over the Southwest territory and the US gained control over the land to the Pacific ocean.
Mexican Cession- The land that was surrendered with the treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo. |
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| 1849) The American people stopped everything they were doing and headed up to California to get their share of the gold that was found there. Most of them didn’t get much and returned home empty handed and discouraged. Many of them ended up losing everything. Where as some were lucky enough to get what they had come for and got rich quick. |
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| Gadsden wanted to build a railroad to the gulf of California and to do that he needed to get hold of the land just outside the US bordered. He came up with an elaborate plan and after the land had been purchased with much money spent on the US’s part he never lived to see his precious railroad built |
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| Created the first dictionary of the American language when Americans were starting to want to set themselves apart from their immigrant countries and Britain. |
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| Neoclassical Architecture |
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| It resembled the Roman and Greek architecture. The people of the US had chosen this form of architecture because the Greek and the Roman societies had been the first to experiment with Democracy and the US wanted the world to know that it was like those two societies. |
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| Wrote The Legend of Sleepy Hollow around the time that Europe was starting to see that the US was just as good as it was and was beginning to stop belittling the US. |
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| Thought that sin and evil were all part of human nature and that the US shouldn’t try to get ride of it because when the US tried to it ended up messing everything up. Believed that prisons and societies only made things worse. Wrote The Scarlet Letter. |
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| Wrote adventure stories of the frontiers like The Last of the Mohicans. |
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| Ralph saw machines as being evil. He thought that they were taking over and cities were becoming polluted. Ralph believed that the US needed to go back to the way things used to be with farms and farmers. So that the US would go back to god and the simple family values. |
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| Inspired MLK's sit ins and wrote Walden's pond. He believed in civil disobedience and inspired people like Gandhi to use non-violent protests. |
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| The belief that through nature and tranquility man could get closer to god |
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| Wrote The Raven and pretty much invented the American mysteries. He was the Stephen King of his time and was one of the first authors to mass produce his books and make money. Most recognized for his stories of mystery and death. |
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| A French writer who was very much into politics he was known for his Democracy in America with is in two volumes. He served in the French government from the July Monarchy to Napoleon’s coup. |
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| It wasn’t a school more of an art movement. The paintings were though to show god and the spirit of nature. The transcendentalists were inspired by the beauty of these paintings. Men were painted really small in these paintings if at all because they were symbols of how insignificant man was in the beautiful world of god. |
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| Visited mental hospitals and saw the cruelty that they were put through. She started writing about it and urging people to fix it even though they were thought to be possessed by the devil. She still considered them human and argued that they did not deserve this treatment possessed or not. |
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| to make prisons more humane and give prisoners better living conditions. |
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| He created school and tried to make it that they were all equal. He arranged it so that even poor people could get an education. |
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| It was a movement to abolish drinking. Husbands were abusing their families and spending all the money on whiskey and the people got tired of it and wanted to be rid of it. |
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| Elizabeth Cady Stanton & Lucretia Mott |
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| These two women worked with the anti-slavery movement. They attended a meeting about the movement and were forced to sit behind a curtain and remain silent even though they too were against slavery. They noticed that they had no rights themselves and were still trying to ban slavery. |
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| a convention about women’s rights where the Declaration of Sentiments was written. It declared both men and women equal and listed a list of grievances of the men. The first wave of feminism. |
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| Worked against slavery and for women’s rights. Wrote the “Ain’t I a women?” Speech. She believed that the women’s rights movement wasn’t just for white women but black as well. Saying that they had double oppression since they were not only slaves but women too. |
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| A big figure in the women’s rights movement and the temperance movement. She was arrested for voting illegally and was also a supporter of the Anti-Slavery movement. |
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| First envisioned by the Transcendentalist. A community were everyone had the same believes and got along. They never worked out well and always ended up falling apart. |
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| A religious group that had more them one wife per man and was supposed to have as many children as he can. It was believed that it was serving god to have a lot of kids. |
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| First leader of the Mormons. He claims to have been given golden tablets and then lost them and had to write it all down from memory. Constantly moved west to avoid prosecution of his people and he was eventually murdered by a mob in Illinois. |
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| Second leader of Mormons took over after Smith was killed. Leads the Mormons to Salt Lake City and they settle there and are very successful and prosperous. |
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| People became more religions and there were revivals that were held in the country. People came from all over to listen to very animated preachers. |
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| A preacher who often preached at the revivals that took place in the SGA. He believed in Perfectionism |
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| The believe that it was our duty to make the world a better place and not wait to get to heaven to have a perfect society. |
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| The belief that slavery if banned would damage our economy and that they were enslaved for their own protection and that the slaves couldn’t take care of themselves. |
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| Slavery is wrong and is against god. It needs to be banned. |
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| (1813) A printer who founded a newspaper devoted to abolishing Slavery called the Liberator. He believed his mission was to speak out against slavery and printed it on the front page of the first newspaper. |
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| Angelina and Sarah, two sisters who spoke out and wrote against slavery. Angelina was so moved by the movement that she moved to the north just to be able to join it. |
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| A freed slave who published a pamphlet that made a strong attack on slavery using religious as a weapon. It was outlawed in the south but was widely circulated in the north where people were starting to see slavery as incompatible with the religious views that they had gained with the Second Great Awakening. He was a tailor and sewed his pamphlets into his clothes to distribute them. |
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| Was born a slave yet escaped to the north. He served as advisor to President Lincoln and convinced him to let freed slaves fight for the north. He was a valued speaker for the abolitionists after he shared his experiences as a slave with them at a convention for anti-slavery. |
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