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main reason for conflict between French and British |
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First president; went to persuade French to leave the Ohio Valley Area |
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Made to put the colonies under a more centralized government |
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British General;
Sent to seize Fort Dunquense
Wanted to defeat the French but didn't |
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At the headwaters of the Ohio Valley
French controlled |
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took control of British military, turned them around, seen as a hero |
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The Treaty of Paris of 1763 |
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Ended the 7 Years War
Between Britian and France |
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Also known as the French-Indian War;
Between French and British |
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started ruling after 7 years war ended
young and inexperienced
Advisors are Yes-Men; don't help him |
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Britain was in great debt after the Seven Years War |
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Ottawa Indians sacked British forts; in the end Indians had to make peace to British |
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Made by George III to make peace with Indians Forbids colonists to go past Appalachians Good because it kept Indians and Colonists apart Bad because it angered colonists |
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Gave soldiers the power to search homes at any time they wanted |
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Replaced the Molasses act Will be enforced Lower tax ---> made colonists feel like they were being tricked |
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British Prime Minister Ordered the navy to enforce the Sugar Act |
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1765 Tax on legal papers/newspapers First direct tax Colonists now saw the tax they were paying for and it reminded them every time they bought something how unfair this was |
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1764 British made colonists use gold and silver; paper money was banned Made because all colonies used different money so it was too hard to collect taxes Made colonists angry because they now had to barter |
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Tax that was added when you bought something |
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Tax that was already hidden in the price |
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said Parliament represented everyone equally |
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Group of people (anti-British) |
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Stamp Act Congress, Importance? |
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Colonial assemblies Important because they were all able to agree that Great Britain cannot tax colonists |
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Boycotting British goods until the taxes were lifted |
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1766 Revoked the Stamp Act Showed the colonies that Britain was still the boss |
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1765 Colonists have to provide homes and barracks for troops Angers colonists-feel oppressed by soldiers |
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life liberty and property |
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Wanted states/people to have power |
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British Prime Minister, came into power after William Pitt |
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1767 made taxes indirect on household objects caused more boycotts |
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Wrote 12 essays of why Parliament can only tax in certain cases |
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asked Mass. Legislature to oppose the Townshend Duties |
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group of women who sewed clothing so they did not need to buy British clothing |
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1770 Mod of Bostonians threatened redcoats In confusion shots were fired and 5 colonists died |
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2nd President (1797-1801; Federalist |
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New Prime Minister; wanted to make peace so made a partial repeal of Townshend duties- all but tea tax (1770) |
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The Committees of Correspondence |
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Made by Samuel Adams 1 person from each community would be responsible for exchanging information and defend colonial rights |
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1768 Britain and 6 Nations of Iroquois agreed to grant Indian land along Ohio River to government |
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North Carolina group of backcountry settlers who wanted to restore law and order |
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1733 Tax on molasses Not enforced - salutary neglect |
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British East India Tea Company lowered the price of tea but kept tax to end boycotts |
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Bostonians dressed as Indians and poured British tea into harbor in response to Tea Act of 1773 |
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Slave who sued his master for freedom and won |
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Lord Dunmore's proclamation |
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He would free any slave that restored royal authority |
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AKA Intolerable Acts 1774
designed to punish colonists for Boston Tea Party Closed Boston until tea was paid Shut Mass. gov down Made any murder trial help in England Made colonists think king was a tyrant Caused first Continental Congress |
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1774 Created huge French colony around Great Lakes Made French like king Made colonists mad because it was their land |
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Meeting in response to Intolerable Acts Told King they would fight him |
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aka Tories, those who supported British |
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British marched to Lexington to find guns, ammo, Adams, and Hancock Minutemen and British fight Stat of War 1775 |
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British marched to Lexington to find guns, ammo, Adams, and Hancock Minutemen and British fight Stat of War 1775 |
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Revere, Dawes, and Prescott |
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Told minute men that the British were coming to Lexington and Concord |
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British to kick minutemen out of Boston, British won but lost many men |
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Battle at Fort Ticonderoga |
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British Fort, Ethan Allan and his Green Mountain Boys get cannons and drag them to Boston Caused 2nd Continental Congress |
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Made by Washington Tell king again that they will fight Proposed Independence with the help of Richard Henry Lee |
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written by Thoman Paine, told Americans that don't need Britain, got them in the mindset to rebel |
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Made the draft of the Declaration of Independence Adams, Franklin, Jefferson, and others |
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those who supported Revolution |
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German armed forces that British enlisted |
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Vote On Independence Voted YES |
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The Declaration of Independence |
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Theory of Government = democracy 27 reasons why the king is a tyrant Declared War |
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Americans win Convinces French to come help them TURNING POINT |
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British Officer who defeated colonists many times |
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Lafayette, Polaski, Von Steuben |
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1783 Ended War America is independent |
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Land gotten from Revolution |
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East: Atlantic West: Mississippi North: Great Lakes South: Florida |
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What was the first congress? |
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The 2nd Continental Congress Very weak because there was no central power All power in states No written guidelines |
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Articles of Confederation |
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1st Written Constitution Weak to prevent tyranny Made in 1776 kept until 1787 Most power in state governments Run by Congress |
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System of Written Land Titles |
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solved problem of fights over land ownership |
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Created orderly land settlement system Land surveyed in 6x6 mile township 1 section sold to raise money for school |
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Northwest Ordinance of 1787 |
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created government for NW territory could create 3-5 states out of area created OH, Indiana, IL, Michigan, Wisc |
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slavery banned education promoted Native Americans to be treated equally |
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Flaws in Articles of Confederation |
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- couldnt tax - couldnt regulate interstate trade - unable to enforce law/treaties - only Congress, no law enforcer
- All states were equal (big states felt cheated - Weak National Gov |
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group of farmers who tried to shut down government Made people fear there would be an anarchy |
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Constitutional Convention |
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In Philadelphia in 1787 Wanted to fix Articles |
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Made 2 Parts to Congress 1 based on population 1 equal for all states |
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Made 1 slave = 3/5 of a person (for voting, favored south) |
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could tax Imports and not exports |
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Until 1807 Congress cannot tax more than $10 After 1807 slave trade could be banned |
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President is picked by electoral college |
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Outlined freedoms Protected people from gov and each other |
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Treaty made by John Jay to open Spanish markets to eastern merchants; rejected by Congress |
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made by Madison in response to problem with what to do with Articles made strong central government |
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recommended a congress where each state had equal vote |
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AKA Great Compromise Broke Congress into 2 parts |
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prevented one branch from dominating others |
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those who supported Constitution |
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those who opposed Constitution |
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written by Madison and Hamilton to make people support Constitution |
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Group of people appointed by President to help him |
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Enemy of Hamilton Democratic Republican Washington's Secretary of State |
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made it so federal courts could not sue other state's government
(Chisholm vs. Georgia) |
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Written by Hamilton Gave recommendations to strengthen economy 1. Gov should pay debt 2. Capital moved to Virginia to gain their support |
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The Report on a National Bank |
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Hamilton wanted a National Bank 1. Place to store money 2. can create uniform currency 3. allows money to flow across country |
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Strict Interpretation of Constitution |
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Jefferson/ Democratic Republicans No National Bank |
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Loose Interpretation of Constitution |
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Hamilton and Federalists wanted National Bank Strong National Gov |
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Reports on Subject of Manufacturers |
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Made by Hamilton to provide employment, promote emigration, and expand use of technology |
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Result of Excise Tax Group of 500 burned homes and tarred people Washington led troops to stop it Showed people that they must follow law and cannot use violence to protest |
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Raise price of foreign goods to force people to buy American goods Never got passed instead Revenue Tariff did |
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lowered foreign price but put a tax on it so people by foreign good but US gets money from tax |
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Crated dollar system based on 10 Easier to buy and sell |
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Put a tax on Whiskey Helped pay debt |
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Proclamation of Neutrality |
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US not taking sides in War between French and British
(Washington's presidency) |
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With Britain Tried to settle problems with them over the fact that they would not leave the US, kept stopping their ships from trading with French, and kidnapping US sailors
GOt them to move out of US Hamilton was a traitor because he told them the US would never got to war with them so they didnt have to give us all that we wanted
Showed that Britain is talking to us, makes spanish nervous |
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with Spain Solved problems over use of Mississippi (opened it up) and made border with Florida |
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Between Adams and Jefferson Adams won but Jefferson was made VP (Hamiltons doing) |
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There was a French Crisis so Adams sent people to talk to French but they wouldnt negotiate unless we bribed them, US said no |
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Fake war in ocean between French and Americans after Adams said we wouldnt go to war (even though Feds wanted it, he gave up his reputation for the good of the country) |
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Must live here for 14 years (or born here) to become citizen (Naturalization Act)
Alien acts said the President could kick out any foreign person he wanted to (Alien and Alien Enemies Act)
People could not talk badly about the government (Sedition Act) |
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Washington's Farewell Address |
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Said political parties will tear the country apart |
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Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions |
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Made by Madison (VA) and Jefferson (KY) said that the states should rule things constitutional or not because they made the supreme courts so they are their bosses |
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Adams vs Jefferson/Burr Adams lost but tie between Jefferson and Burr
House couldn't decide in the end Feds gave Jefferson 1 vote to win |
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State's Rights Theory of Government |
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Statement made in VA and KY Resolutions |
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