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| any of various sciences, as geography, geology, or meteorology, that deal with the earth, its composition, or any of its changing aspects. |
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| the science that deals with the dynamics and physical history of the earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the physical, chemical, and biological changes that the earth has undergone or is undergoing. |
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| the branch of physical geography dealing with the ocean. |
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| the science dealing with the atmosphere and its phenomena, including weather and climate. |
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| the science that deals with the material universe beyond the earth's atmosphere. |
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| the branch of science concerned with the physical, chemical, and biological conditions of the environment and their effect on organisms. |
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| an experiment or trial that uses controls, usually separating the subjects into one or more control groups and experimental groups. |
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| (in an experiment or clinical trial) a group of subjects closely resembling the treatment group in many demographic variables but not receiving the active medication or factor under study and thereby serving as a comparison group when treatment results are evaluated. |
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| (in an experiment or clinical trial) a group of subjects who are exposed to the variable under study |
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| (in an experiment) a variable that is intentionally changed to observe its effect on the dependent variable. |
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| (in an experiment) the event studied and expected to change when the independent variable is changed. |
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