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1. An organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world.
2. The body of knowledge that scientific studies have gathered over the years |
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Definition
Observe & Ask Questions
Infer & Form a Hypothesis
Design Controlled Experiments
Collect & Analyze Data
Draw a Conclusion |
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Observations made with our 5 senses
Ask questions or pose problems that may be answered/solved with the scientific method |
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| Infer & Form a Hypothesis |
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Definition
Make inferences
Logical interpretation based on observations
Form hypothesis
Possible explanation for set of observations that can be tested.
Usually written in as IF…THEN… |
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| Experiment where only one variable is changed, everything else is kept the same |
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| group being tested and getting the actual “experiment” |
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Identical set up as the experimental group except for the variable being tested
group NOT being tested, but used to check the VALIDITY of the experiment – getting a PLACEBO |
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Variable being tested
aka manipulated variable
X axis of graph |
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Variable that changes based on the independent variable
aka responding variable
Y axis of graph |
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| Control Variables/Constants |
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| All the variables that are kept the same between the experimental & control group |
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Collect Data
Qualitative – descriptive information
Quantitative – numerical information
Analyze Data
Look for sources of error
Use charts & graphs |
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Based on the data the hypothesis can be:
Rejected
Modified
Accepted |
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Then…retest & try to improve experiment:
Reduce bias
Increase sample size
Control other variables |
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Difficult to experiment on humans – scientists can’t give someone a disease
May try to find people with disease willing to participate |
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| Well tested explanation that brings together a large range of observations and can be used to make accurate predictions about new situations |
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Statement describing a natural phenomenon that is always true
Laws do not explain how or why
E.g. law of gravity, Newton’s laws of motion |
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Bio = life
ology = study of
Biology is the study of life!!! |
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| 8 Characteristics of Life |
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Definition
Are based on a universal genetic code
Contain DNA!!
Grow & develop
Respond to their environment
Are made up of cells
Reproduce
Maintain homeostasis
Obtain & use materials & energy
Evolve as a group |
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| the total of all the chemical reactions building up and breaking things down in an organisms. |
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| a stable internal environment |
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