Term
| French and Indian War/Seven Years' War |
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Definition
| the war between Great Britain and France in North America from 1754 to 1763. |
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| It ended the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War |
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| It was an early attempt at forming a union of the colonies "under one government as far as might be necessary for defense and other general important purposes" during the French and Indian War |
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| Articles of Confederation |
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Definition
| was the first written constitution or plan of government of the United States of America and specified how the national government was to operate. |
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| formally ended the American Revolutionary War between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the United States of America |
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| Northwest Ordinance (1787) |
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Definition
| The primary effect of the ordinance was the creation of the Northwest Territory as the first organized territory of the United States out of the region south of the Great Lakes, north and west of the Ohio River, and east of the Mississippi River. |
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| The purpose of the proclamation was to organize Great Britain's new North American empire and to stabilize relations with Native North Americans through regulation of trade, settlement, and land purchases on the western frontier. |
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| the name of several acts of the Parliament of Great Britain that regulated paper money issued by the colonies of British America |
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| The preamble to the act stated: "it is expedient that new provisions and regulations should be established for improving the revenue of this Kingdom ... and ... it is just and necessary that a revenue should be raised ... for defraying the expenses of defending, protecting, and securing the same." |
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| Coercive Acts (1774)Intolerable Acts |
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Definition
| a series of laws passed by the British Parliament that triggered outrage and resistance in the Thirteen Colonies. |
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| The Stamp Act of 1765 was a direct tax imposed by the British Parliament on the colonies of British America |
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| it proved to be the last major land battle of the American Revolutionary War in North America, as the surrender of Cornwallis' army prompted the British government eventually to negotiate an end to the conflict. |
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| The group was formed to protect the rights of the colonists from the usurpations by the British government after 1766. |
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| generally regarded as a turning point in the war for the colonies. |
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| These Quartering Acts were used by the British forces in the American colonies to ensure that British soldiers had adequate housing and provisions |
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| Common Sense presented the American colonists with an argument for freedom from British rule at a time when the question of independence was still undecided |
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| a declaration by the British Parliament in 1766 which accompanied the repeal of the Stamp Act of 1765. |
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| a convention of delegates from twelve of the thirteen North American colonies that met on September 5, 1774,called in response to the passage of the Coercive Acts (also known as Intolerable Acts by the Colonial Americans) by the British Parliament. |
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Definition
| to raise revenue in the colonies to pay the salaries of governors and judges so that they would be independent of colonial rule, to create a more effective means of enforcing compliance with trade regulations, to punish the province of New York for failing to comply with the 1765 Quartering Act, and to establish the precedent that the British Parliament had the right to tax the colonies. |
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Term
| Battles of Lexington and Concord |
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Definition
| first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War |
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Definition
| discussed and acted upon the Stamp Act recently passed by the governing Parliament of Great Britain overseas, which did not include any representatives from the colonies. |
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| an army formed after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America, was created to coordinate the military efforts of the Thirteen Colonies in their revolt against the rule of Great Britain. |
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Term
| Massachusetts Circular Letter (1768) |
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Definition
| a statement written by Samuel Adams and passed by the Massachusetts House of Representatives in February 1768 in response to the Townshend Acts. |
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Term
| Massachusetts Circular Letter (1768) |
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Definition
| a statement written by Samuel Adams and passed by the Massachusetts House of Representatives in February 1768 in response to the Townshend Acts. |
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Definition
| The second Congress managed the colonial war effort, and moved incrementally towards independence, adopting the United States Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. |
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| British redcoats killed five civilian men. |
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| a group of colonists boarded the ships and destroyed the tea by throwing it into Boston Harbor. |
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| an uprising to retaliate for a series of Indian attacks on frontier settlements, others took matters into their own hands, attacking Indians, chasing Berkeley from Jamestown, Virginia, and torching the capitol. |
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| an English leader of the settlers of the Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts. |
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| was an English Protestant theologian who was an early proponent of religious freedom and the separation of church and state |
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| a dramatically widespread exchange of animals, plants, culture, human populations (including slaves), communicable diseases, and ideas between the Eastern and Western hemispheres (Old World and New World). |
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| a type of corporation or partnership involving two or more individuals that own shares of stock in the company. |
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| a wealthy English Puritan lawyer, and one of the leading figures in the founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the first major settlement in New England after Plymouth Colony. |
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| a colony in which one or more individuals, usually land owners, remaining subject to their parent state's sanctions, retained rights that are today regarded as the privilege of the state, and in all cases eventually became so. |
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| a type of colonial administration of the English and later British Empire |
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| was an administrative union of English colonies in the New England region of North America. |
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| was a law mandating religious tolerance for faithful Christians |
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| an elite cultural movement of intellectuals in 18th century Europe that sought to mobilize the power of reason in order to reform society and advance knowledge. |
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| Fundamental Orders of Connecticut |
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Definition
| The orders describe the government set up by the Connecticut River towns, setting its structure and powers. Has features of a written constitution. |
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| refers to the overthrow of King James II of England by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau (William of Orange). |
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| a period of religious revival in American religious history |
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| is the transatlantic slave trade, that operated from the late 16th to early 19th centuries, carrying slaves, cash crops, and manufactured goods between West Africa, Caribbean or American colonies and the European colonial powers. |
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| a legal grant of land to settlers |
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| an attempt by the Religious Society of Friends or (Quakers) to establish a community for themselves in Pennsylvania. |
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| the first assembly of elected representatives of English colonists in North America |
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| an early-17th century Puritan living in Massachusetts, Rhode Island and New Netherlands who became the leader of a dissident church discussion group. |
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| the historical practice of contracting to work for a fixed period of time, typically three to seven years, in exchange for transportation, food, clothing, lodging and other necessities during the term of indenture. |
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| was the first permanent English settlement in what is now the United States of America, following several earlier failed attempts, including the Lost Colony of Roanoke. |
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| uprising in late 17th century colonial New York,Jacob Leisler seized control of lower New York, and ruled it from 1689 to 1691. |
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| the first governing document of Plymouth Colony. It was written by the colonists, later together known to history as the Pilgrims, who crossed the Atlantic aboard the Mayflower. |
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| Massachusetts Bay Company |
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Definition
| founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony |
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| a series of hearings before county court trials to prosecute people accused of witchcraft in the counties of Essex, Suffolk, and Middlesex in colonial Massachusetts, between February 1692 and May 1693. |
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| was the European Christian reform movement that established Protestantism as a constituent branch of contemporary Christianity. |
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| a significant grouping of English Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries |
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| a significant grouping of English Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries |
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| one of a number of land grants in North America given by King Charles II of England in the latter half of the 17th century, ostensibly as a reward to his supporters in the Stuart Restoration. |
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