Term
What are principal parts of a eukaryotic cell? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F The cell membrane is as a fluid mosaic. T/F Proteins have a degree of mobility within the lipid bilayer. |
|
Definition
Both senetences are true and they are relevant. |
|
|
Term
What particle can penetrate cell membranes most easily? |
|
Definition
Lipid-soluble, transport protein present |
|
|
Term
In order for a cell to engage in active transport processes, it requires: |
|
Definition
mitochondria appropriate fuel ATP enzymes (All) |
|
|
Term
Which is inconsistent w/ the others? diffusion osmosis filtration phagocytosis facilitated diffusion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What can transport substances "uphill" against the concentration gradient? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This serves as repositories for some receptors, provides a route for transport into a cell, and relays signals into cells. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which are true about cytoplasm? A. It is located outside the nucleus B. It provides support for organelles. C. It is mostly water. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
single strand of DNA, nondividing cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"Generation plant" for ATP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which are true about the retinoblastoma (RB) protein: A. It is a brake on the progress of the cell cycle B. Binds to gene regulatory protiens C. Slows cell proliferation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A major function of connective tissue is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which are characteristics of epithelial tissue? A. Elasticity B. Protection C. Fills spaces between organs D. Secretion |
|
Definition
B. Protection D. Secretion |
|
|
Term
What type of tissue is found in the lining of the kidney tubules? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What type of tissue is found in the lining of the upper respiratory tract? |
|
Definition
simple columnar, ciliated |
|
|
Term
Signaling molecules cause all of the following except: A. Acceleration/initiative of intracellular protein kinases. B. Arrest of cellular growth. C. Apoptosis D. Conversion of an intracellular signal into an extracellular response. |
|
Definition
D. Conversion of an intracellular signal into an extracellular response. |
|
|
Term
Ligands that bind with membrane receptors include what? |
|
Definition
hormones, antigens, neurotransmitters, drugs, and infectious agents |
|
|
Term
The products from the metabolism of glucose include what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Indentify the correct sequence of events for initiation and conduction of a nerve impulse. 1. Sodium moves inside 2. Potassium leaves cell 3. Sodium permeability changes 4. Resting potential is reestablished 5. Potassium permeability changes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Increased cytoplasmic calcium |
|
Definition
decreases permeability at the junctional complex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. coordinate activities of cells within tissues 2. hold cells together |
|
|
Term
A cellular adaptation observable in uterine cervical epithelium is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the consequences when a cell is forced into anaerobic glycolysis? |
|
Definition
Increased lactic acid Inadequate ATP production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bleeding in skin or underlying tissue |
|
|
Term
What is the probable cause of cellular swelling in the early stages of injury? |
|
Definition
Na-K pump fails to remove intracellular Na+ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
a cause of lipid peroxidation |
|
Definition
oxygen-derived free radicals |
|
|
Term
A cause of depressed fatty acid oxidation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A cause of neurotransmitter interference |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A cause of depressed protien synthesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
occurs in dying or dead tissues is observed in chronic lesions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
evident early in all types of cellular injury |
|
|
Term
Which is not reversible? A. Karyolysis B. Fatty infiltration C. Oncosis D. All are reversible |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Aging: A. is easy to distinguish from pathology B. does not have a genetic relationship C. is more advanced in primitive societies D. None are correct E. A, B, & C are correct |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In aging, cross-linking implies that |
|
Definition
cell permeability decreases |
|
|
Term
This is necrosis caused by Clostridia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This is rigidity of muscles after somatic death |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This is an increased number of cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This is a necrosis resulting from lysosomal release |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This is a replacement of one cell type with another, more suitable type |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
pancreatic necrosis causes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
coagulative and liquefactive necrosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
normal and pathologic cellular self-destruction |
|
|
Term
The total water loss per day in the adult is appox.? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Of the 60% of the body weight made up of water, about 2/3 is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sodium is responsible for |
|
Definition
ECF osmotic balance (extracellular fluid) |
|
|
Term
A milliequivalent is a unit of: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F The positive and negative charges in blood plasma must be equal to each other. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pressure of blood within the capillaries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
water-pulling effect of plasma proteins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a substance/chemical that donates a hydrogen ion or a proton to the solution |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
include phosphoric acid contribute many H+ to the solution are eliminated by the renal tubules |
|
|
Term
The blood pH is maintained near 7.4 by buffering systems. The sequence from the fastest acting to the slowest acting system is: |
|
Definition
blood buffers, lungs, kidneys |
|
|
Term
The pH of saliva is about 7 and the pH of gastric guice is about 2. How many times more concentrated is the hydrogen ion in gastric juice than in saliva? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which would NOT shift the blood pH towards alkalosis? |
|
Definition
bicarbonate ion secretion into urine |
|
|
Term
Respiratory acidosis could be caused from this disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Respiratory alkalosis could be caused by this disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Metabolic alkalosis could be caused by this disease? |
|
Definition
excessive baking soda ingestion |
|
|
Term
What is the compensatory mechanism for respiratory acidosis? |
|
Definition
Kidneys excrete H+ and retain HCO3- |
|
|
Term
What is the compensatory mechanism for respiratory alkalosis? |
|
Definition
Kidneys retain H+ and excrete HCO3- |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ingestion and destruction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Immunoglobulins, lymphokines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
phagocytic, agranular leukocyte of the immune system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
resistant to a large variety of antigens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
macromolecular pattern for antibody production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
chemical structure, foreignness, complexity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
antigens are found on the surfaces of most cells except erythrocytes |
|
|
Term
When antigen binds to its appropriate antibody: |
|
Definition
agglutination may occur, phagocytosis may occur, or antigen neutralization may occur |
|
|
Term
Antibodies are produced by: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
An immunoglobulin contains: |
|
Definition
two heavy and two light polypeptide chains |
|
|
Term
The antibody class having the highest concentration in the blood is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This is the first antibody to challenge the antigen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The primary immune response involves: |
|
Definition
a latent period followed by peak antibody production |
|
|
Term
These cells are phagocytic. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When a child develops measles and acquires an immunity to subsequent infections, the immunity is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
increases activation signal and immune response |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are monoclonal antibodies? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are mucous membranes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
These are capable of forming clones of themselves. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
These produce lymphokines |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
These are helper and suppressor cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
destroys injurious agents confines injurious agents stimulates and enhances immunity promotes healing |
|
|
Term
Inflammation microcirculation changes involve all of the following except: A. Vasodilation B. Days to develop C. Increased vascular permeability D. exudation of leukocytes to injury site |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A phagocyte's role begins w/ an inflammatory response. The sequence of phagocytosis is: |
|
Definition
margination, diapedesis, recognition, adherence, ingestion, fusion w/ lysosomes inside the phagocyte, destruction of the target. |
|
|
Term
What are local manifestations of inflammation? |
|
Definition
swelling, pain, heat, redness |
|
|