Term
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Definition
- Largest mechanoreceptor
- Sensitive to high frequency vibration (facilitates tool use)
- Low spatial acuity
- Large receptive field size, rapid adaptation |
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Term
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Definition
- Second largest receptor
- Sensitive to skin stretch from finger movement (information about finger and hand position)
- Low spatial acuity, slow adaptation |
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Term
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Definition
- 1/10th size of pacinian corpuscle
- Sensitive to low frequency vibration
- Intermediate spatial acuity
- Small receptive field size, rapid adaptation |
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Term
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Definition
- Smallest receptor
- Sensitive to edges, points, curvature (detect form and texture)
- High spatial acuity
- Slow adaptation |
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Term
| Internal arcuate fibers (dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway) |
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Definition
| Part of the second order neurons that crossover (in caudal medulla) |
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Term
| Name of the structure that contain cells that the medial lemniscus synapses with (dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway) |
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Definition
| Ventral posterior (VP) nucleus of the thalamus |
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Term
| The name of the neurons (and order) that project to the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) (dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Free nerve endings of Aδ fibers and unmyelinated C axons |
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Term
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Definition
- Activates nociceptors
- Made by enzyme released from damaged cells
- Directly activates nociceptors via depolarization through G-protein coupled receptor |
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Term
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Definition
- Activates nociceptors
- Made by an enzyme released from damaged cells
- Directly activates P2X receptors (ionotropic) |
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Term
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Definition
- Activates nociceptors
- Released from damaged cells
- Depolarizes nociceptors |
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Term
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Definition
| Following injury, injury site and surrounding area have increased perception of pain |
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Term
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Definition
| Exposure of nociceptors to products of tissue damage increases their activity and their sensitivity to stimuli |
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Term
| Bradykinin (sensitization) |
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Definition
- Sensitize nociceptors
- Increases sensitivity of ion channels like TRPV1 |
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Term
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Definition
- Made by an enzyme (cyclooxygenase) released from damaged cells
- NSAIDS inhibit this enzyme |
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Term
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Definition
- Sensitizes nociceptors
- RELEASED from nociceptors
- Causes swelling of the capillaries (vasodilation)
- Causes release of histamine (which causes membrane depolarization) from mast cells |
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Term
| Periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) |
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Definition
- A zone of neurons in the midbrain that, when stimulated, produces analgesia.
- Sends descending axons into raphe nuclei of medulla, among other midline areas of medulla. |
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Term
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Definition
| - Its neurons descend and synapse with second order projection neurons in the dorsal horn |
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Term
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Definition
| - Type of papillae on anterior 2/3 of tongue |
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Term
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Definition
| - Type of papillae on the posterior lateral edge of the tongue |
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Term
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Definition
| - Type of papillae located on the back of the tongue |
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Term
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Definition
- Required for across-fiber model
- Responses of a large number of broadly tuned neurons specifies taste |
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Term
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Definition
| The inability to detect a common odor |
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Term
| What are the systems involved in pheremone detection |
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Definition
- Vomeronasal organ
- Grueneberg ganglion |
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Term
| Four components of the olfactory epithelium |
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Definition
- Olfactory receptor neuron cells (neuronal as opposed to taste receptor cells)
- Supporting cells (detoxify toxins in mucus, contribute to mucus)
- Basal cells (source of new ORN cells)
- Bowman's gland (produces mucus) |
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Term
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Definition
- Found in cochlea and vestibular labyrinth (bony structures of inner ear)
- Contains a high concentration of potassium and a low concentration of sodium |
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