Term
IQ test scoring
Describe the Stanford-Binet model of IQ test scoring |
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Definition
IQ test scoring
What type uses:
- "age"comparison: mental:chronological x 100 = IQ
- doesn't use a distribution
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Term
IQ test scoring
Describe how IQ tests are scored today |
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Definition
IQ test scoring
Which type uses:
- Use a distrobution (M=100; SD=15)
- Compare to others your age
- No "mental age" or ratio; just an IQ score
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Term
Reliability
Explain the 'test-retest' type
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Name a problem associated with this type |
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Definition
Reliability
Take a test once. After a period of time, take it again to see whether you achieve the same score.
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The subject will have practice effects (i.e. he/she will do better on the test the second time around due to having already taken the test) |
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Term
Reliability
Explain the 'Alternate form' type
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Name a example of this type
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Definition
Reliability
Give 2 exams that are worded differently or chang ethe order of the questions.
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Almost any standerdized test and those which you've taken in college
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Term
Reliability
Explain the 'Split-half' type
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Name a problem associated with this type
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Definition
Reliability
Give the exam in 2 halves
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You're comparing the odd # questions to the even # questions - they may simply differ.
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Term
Theories of Intelligence
Explain the idea being the theory of:
The Psychometric Approach |
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Definition
Theories of Intelligence
Name the Theory which this description describes:
- g - general cognitive ability (which everyone has)
- focus on products of intelligence (getting the right answer)
- s - specific skills
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Term
Theories of Intelligence
Explain the idea being the theory of:
The Psychometric Revised Approach
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Definition
Theories of Intelligence
Name the Theory which this description describes:
- Two g's:
- crystallized - concrete facts
- fluid - adaptive reasoning/flexibility & problem solving
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Term
Theories of Intelligence
Explain the idea being the theory of:
The Triarchic Theory
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Definition
Theories of Intelligence
Name the Theory which this description describes:
Analytic: decision making/translational IQ
Creative: artistic, expressive
Practical: Daily problem solving
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Term
Theories of Intelligence
Explain the idea being the theory of:
Gardner's Multiple Intelligence
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Definition
Theories of Intelligence
Name the Theory which this description describes:
Has 8 distinct intelligences including:
Spatial, Linguistic, Logical-Mathmatical, Bodily-Kinesthetic, Musical, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, Naturalistic, Existential.
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Term
Theories of Intelligence
Explain the idea being the theory of:
The Info-processing
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Definition
Theories of Intelligence
Name the Theory which this description describes:
Focuses on processing speed and attention resources.
(Faster/more = smarter)
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Term
Theories of Intelligence
Name the 'types of thinking'
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Definition
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Term
| What is an aptitude test? |
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Definition
What type of test:
Tests potential, will you do well in the future |
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Term
| What is an achievement test? |
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Definition
What type of test:
Tests what you know, only facts. |
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Term
| What is a culture unfair test? |
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Definition
What type of test:
Is particularly bias towards or against one group of people? |
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Term
Levels of Conciousness
Define Consciousness |
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Definition
Awareness of thoughts, feelings, perceptions. Only what we're thinking about right now.
Ex: Looking and thinking about a photograph. |
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Term
Levels of Consciousness
Define Preconscious |
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Definition
Into read to be conscious (not currently aware of, but can easily bring into conciousness)
Ex: What did you do last weekend? |
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Term
Levels of Conciousness
Define Un/Subconcious |
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Definition
Supports/influences consciousness, but hard to be aware of or verbalize.
Ex: motivational influences (i.e. Thanatos) |
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Term
Levels of Consciousness
Define Nonconcious |
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Definition
Things/thoughts we never become aware of.
Ex: biofeedback loops |
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Term
Color vision
Name the characteristics of the Trichromatic Theory |
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Definition
Color Vision - Name the theory
- In retina
- 3 types of cones: red, green, blue
- Mix in different amounts to see colors
explains colorblindness - only have 2 types of cones.
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Term
Color Vision
Explain the Opponent-Process Theory |
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Definition
Color Vision - Name the theory
- In cortex
- 3 pairs: black-white, red-green, blue-yellow
- When one is stimulated, the other is inhibitied
explains after images |
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Term
Somatosenses (touch, temp, pain)
name the sensory receptor and characteristics |
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Definition
Name the senses
Receptor: Mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors, nociceptors
Characteristics: Pain: A-delta fibers (sharp pain), C-fibers (dull, aches) |
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Term
Olfaction
Name the receptor and characteristics |
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Definition
Name the sense that uses:
receptor cells in the mucuous membrane
Has the characteristics:
Doesn't go through the thalamus; Reaches a certain 'bulb' in the brain |
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Term
Gustation
Name the receptor and characteristics |
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Definition
Name the sense
Receptor: papillae
Characteristics: Discriminates based on categories; closely related to flavor |
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Term
Vestibular System
Name the characteristics |
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Definition
name the sense
Characteristics: Kinesthesia - knowing where body's limbs are w/o looking |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the name of the disorder where the body mixes two senses together? |
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Term
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Definition
What is released in the brain when we experience something we want to do/like to do?
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Term
| What is the computational approach to perception? |
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Definition
Name the approach to perception
Using only physical stimulation to perceive
'bottom-up' processing
Doesn't use any higher thought process to analyze senses |
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Term
| What is the constructivist approach to perception? |
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Definition
Creating reality based on congnitions surrounding sensory information.
'Top-down processing'
Object recognition depends on schemas, expectations, contexts |
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Term
What is the ecological approach to perception?
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Definition
Stimulus contains info needed for perceotion
'automatic' processing
We know how to use objects w/o thinking |
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Term
| What is the absolute threshold concept in psychophysics? |
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Definition
Amount of stimulus that can be detected 50% of the time
Subliminal: too weak or brief for detection
Supraliminal: above threshold |
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Term
| What is the signal detection concept in psychophysics? |
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Definition
Sensitivity: physical ability to detect
Response criterion: willingness to say you detect
(concept in psychophysics) |
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Term
| What is the difference Threshold in Psychophysics? |
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Definition
| The smallest difference we can detect |
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Term
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Definition
| The Law that states that the just noticeabile different or the 'difference threshold' is found by multiplying a constant number (K) by the stimuli's intensity. |
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Term
| What is the magnitude estimation concept in psycho physics? |
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Definition
Physical strength of stimulus vs. perceived intensity
(concept in psychophysics) |
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Term
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Definition
| What law describes how big the difference in strength of stimulus vs. perceived intensity feels? |
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Term
| What determines whether a person percieves a near-threshold stimulus? |
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Definition
Sensitivity: the physical ability to detect a stimulus
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Response criterion: person's willingness to say a stimulus is present |
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Term
| What are the 4 possible outcomes associated with the signal detection theory? |
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Definition
These are the possible outcomes of what Theory?
Stimulus Present & Recognized - Hit
Stimulus Present & Ignored- Miss
Stimulus Absent & Falsely Recognized - False Alarm
Stimlus Absent & correctly Ignored - Correct Rejection |
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Term
| Name the two cognitive principles of Perceptual organization & define them |
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Definition
These are the two parts of what principle of perceptual organization?
Simplicity - Simplest arrangement possible
Likelihood - Most likely arrangment possible |
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Term
| Name the two physical principles of perceptual organization & define them |
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Definition
These are the two parts of what principle of perceptual organization
Figure-ground - meaningful part vs. backgroun
Grouping - What goes together (gestalt) |
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Term
| What is the Proximity Principle of Gestalt Organization? |
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Definition
What principle of Gestalt Organization states that:
Close objects are grouped |
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Term
What is the Proximity Principle of Gestalt Organization?
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Definition
| What principle of gestalt organization states that close objects are grouped together? |
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Term
| What is the Similarity Principle of Gestalt Organization? |
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Definition
| What is the principle of Gestalt organization that states 'visually similar objects are groupled'? |
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Term
| What is the Continuity Principle of gestalt organization? |
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Definition
| What principle of gestalt organization claims ' groups make a continuous form, not broken lines'? |
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Term
| What is the closure principle of gestalt organization? |
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Definition
| What principle of gestalt organization states 'grouping fills in missing info'? |
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Term
| What does the common region principle of gestalt organization state? |
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Definition
| What principle of gestalt organization states that we group info within the same boundary? |
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Term
| What does the connectedness principle of gestalt organization state? |
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Definition
| What principle of gestalt organization states that we group visually connected elements? |
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Term
| What does the common fate principle of gestalt organization state? |
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Definition
| Which principle og gestalt organization states that we group items moving in the same direction at the same speed? |
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Term
| What does the synchrony principle of gestalt organization state? |
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Definition
| Which principle of gestalt organization states that we group stimuli occurring at the same time? |
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Term
| Define the depth perception cue 'interposition' |
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Definition
What depth perception cue is defined as:
close objects block view of far away objects |
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Term
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Definition
| if two objects are assumed to be the same size, the larger one is closer |
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Term
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Definition
| close objects seem to move faster |
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Term
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Definition
| lens changes for near or far objects |
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Term
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Definition
| eyes rotate in for near objects |
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