Term
| According to the textbook, when people were asked the question: “If you were to get enough money to live as comfortably as you would like for the rest of your life, would you continue to work or would you stop working?” a majority people reported that: |
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Definition
| They would continue working. |
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Term
| Industrial-organizational psychologists are interested in all of the following except: |
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Definition
| how to best diagnose clinical disorders and offer therapy to employees. |
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Term
| Dr. Duran was asked by company X to develop a selection system for hiring new employees and to revise the existing performance appraisal system. Dr. Duran was most likely asked to do this because of her experience in |
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Definition
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Term
| An organizational psychologist would be most likely concerned with |
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Definition
| Understanding the emotional and motivational side of work. |
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Term
| A system of beliefs in which individuals share meaning and common ways of viewing objects is known as |
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Definition
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Term
| The implications of a “global economy” are important to the field I-O psychology because: |
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Definition
| systems within a company that train, motivate, and reward employees need to be compatible with many different cultures. |
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Term
| John works for a major investment firm located in the United States. He has recently been reassigned to the firm's office in Eastern Asia. John will most likely be successful in his new environment if he: |
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Definition
| tries to adapt to East Asian culture. |
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Term
| A culture that values the group more than the individual is known as |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following of Hofstede's dimensions did Triandis suggest would likely interact with the horizontal/vertical cultural dimension? |
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Definition
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Term
| All of the following are dimensions included in Hofstede's theory of culture except: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Disinterestedness” refers to the notion that: |
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Definition
| scientists should be objective and not influenced by biases or prejudices. |
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Term
| In order for an expert to present a theory as legal testimony, the theory must meet all of the following requirements except: |
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Definition
| it must be statistically significant at the 0.5 level |
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Term
| According to the text, research designs in I-O psychology can be broken down into three basic types: |
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Definition
| experimental, quasi-experimental, non experimental. |
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Term
| An important distinction between an experimental design and a quasi-experimental design is that |
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Definition
| unlike a quasi-experimental design, an experimental design randomly assigns participants to groups. |
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Term
| Rebecca is observing and recording how many times a group of workers engage in non-work related behavior over a period of a week. Rebecca is using a(n) |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Observational design and survey design are two types of |
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Definition
|
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Term
| To maximize the extent to which results of an experiment can be generalized to a larger population, the researcher should do all the following except |
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Definition
| sample only one small group of people |
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Term
| Eliminating confounding variables in the laboratory setting is done via: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The most frequently occurring score within a distribution is the |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The shape of a distribution with a large standard deviation would look |
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Definition
| wide because the distribution covers a large range of scores. |
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Term
| A score that always falls at the 50th percentile in a distribution is called the |
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Definition
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Term
| Erin is testing her hypothesis that people who listen to music while on the job perform better than people who do not listen to music. The best way she can draw an inference about the relationship between music and performance would be to use |
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Definition
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Term
| To increase the statistical power of a test, researchers should |
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Definition
| increase the number of participants |
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Term
| Dr. Duran, an I-O psychologist, found that as job satisfaction increases, employee absenteeism decreases. This is an example of a ____________ relationship. |
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Definition
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Term
| A recent study found that as people's commitment to their job increased, their absences from work decreased. Which correlation coefficient best represents this finding? |
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Definition
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Term
| Dr. Groeneveld and Dr. Duran are investigating whether drivers are wearing their seatbelts. They stand on opposite street corners and tally how many drivers passing by are wearing their seatbelts. Which type of reliability does this approach assess when comparing their final tallies across a large number of drivers? |
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Definition
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Term
| The reliability of a test relates to its _____________, whereas the validity of a test relates to its _____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Professor Merenich hypothesizes that a person's intelligence will determine how well the person will perform on the job. In this example, intelligence is the |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Two types of criterion-related validity are |
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Definition
| predictive and concurrent |
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Term
| Which of the following characterizes a predictive validity design? |
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Definition
| There is a time lag between the collection of the test data and the criterion data. |
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Term
| Early individual differences tests focused on measuring |
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Definition
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Term
| Dr. Hendry was asked to develop a selection system for hiring firefighters. She will most likely use a cognitive ability test to assess |
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Definition
| to what extent each applicant can learn new procedures |
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Term
| For selection purposes, I-O psychologists assume that a person's intelligence and personality |
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Definition
| remain relatively stable over time |
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Term
| Measures of general mental ability do not always guarantee success on the job because |
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Definition
| some jobs also require physical strength and interpersonal skills. |
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Term
| An I-O psychologist is screening firefighter recruits to examine strength, flexibility, and stamina. These traits would best be tested by |
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Definition
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Term
| A test is designed to measure coordination, dexterity, and reaction time. These are classified as |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The Five Factor Model of personality includes the following personality dimensions: |
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Definition
| conscientiousness, agreeableness, emotional stability, extraversion, openness to experience. |
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Term
| Joe has recently taken a personality test. The test reveals that Joe is high in conscientiousness, agreeableness, and emotional stability. Based on the notion of a functional personality at work, Joe is also likely to have high |
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Definition
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Term
| John has read several books about how to repair a car engine, even though he has never seen one up close. Joy, on the other hand, grew up in her parents' auto shop and repairs car engines on a daily basis. When it comes to car repair, it is appropriate to say that John has _____________ knowledge, whereas Joy has _____________ knowledge. |
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Definition
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Term
| A major problem with the idea of emotional intelligence (EI) is |
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Definition
| studies have failed to show that EI predicts job performance above and beyond “g” and the Big 5 personality dimensions. |
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Term
| The use of personality tests in organizations decreased in the late 1960's and early 1970's because |
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Definition
| of questions about invasion of privacy and the possible discriminatory effects of tests. |
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Term
| Norming refers to the practice of |
|
Definition
| comparing given scores to other relevant scores. |
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Term
| A notable difference between speed tests and power tests is that |
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Definition
| speed tests often provide greater variability between candidates than do power tests. |
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Term
| If a test underpredicts criterion scores for one group as compared to another, then the test is likely |
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Definition
|
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Term
| As part of their military training, soldiers are required to practice until they can hit a target 75% of the time using an AK47 attack rifle. In this example, the test would be best characterized as a(n) |
|
Definition
| psychomotor abilities test |
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Term
| Which of the following tests cannot be administered until after an offer of employment has been made? |
|
Definition
| screen-out personality test |
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Term
| Cameron is asked during an interview to explain how she would handle a particular situation while on the job. Cameron is most likely taking part in a(n) |
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Definition
|
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Term
| An interview consisting of specific questions and detailed outlines is called a(n) _____ interview. |
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Definition
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Term
| Caroline is applying for a job as an airline pilot. As one of her requirements, she is asked to complete several maneuvers in a flight simulator. This type of test can be best characterized as a(n) |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Routing tests are used at the _____ of computer adaptive tests (CATs). |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Motivation, leadership, and teamwork are addressed by |
|
Definition
A. personnel psychology
B. industrial technology
C. human engineering
D. organizational psychology |
|
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Term
| I-O psychology is defined as |
|
Definition
A. the influence of an individual’s personality on work and non-work behaviors
B. the application of psychological principles, theory, and research to the work setting
C. the concept of contextual work and organizational citizenship behavior
D. the study of ways to maximize productivity |
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Term
|
Definition
A. the distribution of emotional roles between genders
B. a manager or professional assigned to work abroad
C. a culture that minimizes distances between individuals
D. culture that depends on the distances between individuals |
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Term
| Which of the following is not one of the dimensions in Hofstede’s theory of culture? |
|
Definition
A. power distance
B. uncertainty avoidance
C. conscientiousness
D. masculinity/femininity |
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Term
| All of the following methods are common to all sciences except: |
|
Definition
A. science depends on data
B. science sets out to prove theories or hypotheses
C. science must be communicable, open, and public
D. scientists should be objective and not influenced by biases or prejudices |
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Term
| What does criterion-related validity assess? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of criterion-related validity design includes a lag between the assessment of the predictor and the criterion? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Dr. Marsh is not able to include any treatments or conditions in an investigation of a new pay plan. Instead, he is gathering information about the effects of a new pay plan and making systematic observations about changes in performance based on this new pay plan. This type of research would best be classified as a(n) |
|
Definition
A. Quasi-experimental design
B. Experimental design
C. Non-experimental design
D. Survey design |
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Term
| Each of the following is directly related to increasing the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to a larger population except: |
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Definition
A. Collecting data at several different points in time.
B. Using a representative sample of the population being studied.
C. Making the sample size larger.
D. Collecting data from many different organizations. |
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Term
| The results of pairs ice skating at the 2002 Salt Lake City Winter Olympics were challenged as a result of questions about whether certain judges gave biased ratings. Suggestions about how to reduce or eliminate such biased ratings in future skating events included increasing the number of judges from 9 to 14 and having a computer choose among the scores, with none of the judges knowing whose scores would be included. Identify which type of reliability is of concern here and describe how this new system would increase the reliability of ratings. |
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Definition
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Term
| All of the following are fundamental assumptions that I-O psychologists make when they apply the individual differences model except: |
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Definition
A. The attribute levels of various people in a group can be brought to the same level through training.
B. Different jobs require different attributes.
C. Adults have a variety of attributes, the levels of which remain relatively stable over time.
D. The attributes can be measured accurately. |
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Term
| Measures of “g” assess all of the following except: |
|
Definition
A. Knowledge acquisition.
B. Perceptual ability.
C. Reasoning ability.
D. Problem-solving ability. |
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Term
| As the complexity of a job ___________, the predictive value of general intelligence tests ___________. |
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Definition
A. increases; stays the same.
B. increases; decreases.
C. increases; increases.
D. decreases; stays the same. |
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Term
| Jose possesses a combination of skills, knowledge, abilities, and personality characteristics that allow him to complete his project management tasks. What are the sets of behaviors called that allow him to do his job well? |
|
Definition
A. Proficiencies
B. Competencies
C. Behavioral categories
D. Individual difference characteristics |
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Term
| _____________ identify signs of psychopathology, while _____________ identify variations of normal personality. |
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Definition
A. Screen out tests; Screen in tests
B. Screen in tests; Screen out tests
C. Psychometric tests; Norm tests
D. Norm tests; Psychometric tests |
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Term
| Sarah, in an interview for a Disc Jockey position, was asked to describe how she would respond to a dissatisfied client. She most likely experienced what type of interview? |
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Definition
A. Behavioral interview
B. Hypothetically-based interview
C. Situational interview
D. Unstructured interview |
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Term
| Dominic has interviewed and given a paper and pencil test to a number of people applying for a job at his company. He notices that the validity of the paper and pencil test of general mental ability is moderate, and that the validity of the test combined with the interview is significantly higher. He might conclude that the value of the interview is: |
|
Definition
A. negligible.
B. incremental.
C. observable.
D. nonexistent. |
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