Term
| What are the requirements for hurricane development? |
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Definition
warm ocean temps - produces alot of water vapor releases latent heat- which is a hurricanes power source
convergence - unstable side of STHP
forms at 5 - 20 latitude
needs coriolis force - cannot form on equator or cross equator
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Term
| What are the stages of tropical system development? |
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Definition
1. Tropical Disturbance
2. Tropical Depression
3. Tropical Storm
4. Hurricane |
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Term
| What are the parts of a hurricane? |
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Definition
Large white pinwheel
Central eye - center is calm with clear skies 20-30 miles at most
eye wall on sides of central eye |
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Term
| At what locations and seasons of the year are hurricanes most common? |
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Definition
unstable side of continents because of STHP
South Altantic frequency - mostly in august and september |
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Term
| What are typical tracks for hurricanes forming in the Atlantic Ocean? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the storm surge and where is it worst within a hurricane? |
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Definition
water that gets pushed ashore as a hurricane is coming - wall of water
worst in ne side of a hurricane |
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Term
| What other sources of damage are common with hurricanes? |
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Definition
inland flooding
high wind speeds
tornadoes |
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Term
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Definition
| substance considered harmful to human health and environmental well being |
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Term
| Distinguish between primary and secondary pollutants? |
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Definition
primary pollutant - directly added to the atmo
secondary pollutants - we don't directly add to atmo - produced by photo chemical reactions in atmo |
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Term
| What are some common primary pollutants? |
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Definition
sulfar oxides
nitrogen oxides
carbon oxides
volatile organic compounds
particulates |
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Term
| What are the two most common secondary pollutants? |
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Definition
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Term
| Understand the irony of tropospheric vs. stratospheric ozone. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Acid rain" is a broad term referring to a mixture of wet and dry deposition (deposited material) from the atmosphere containing higher than normal amounts of nitric and sulfuric acids |
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Term
| What meteorological conditions are associated with air pollution problems? |
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Definition
when there is high pressure that creates a temp inversion aloft
light winds - not much mixing
worsened by topography - blocked in by mountains |
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Term
| What is causing stratospheric ozone depletion? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is causing the Antarctic ozone hole? |
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Definition
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Term
| List some consequences of and remedies for stratospheric ozone depletion. |
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Definition
skin cancer, cataracts, immune system problems
Montreal protocol - agreement ot slow/stop realse of CFCs |
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Term
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Definition
0-10deg
Temperature: 93-68deg
Percipitation regimes: wet all year
Timing of the wet or dry season: What does a typical climate diagram for this type look like? Where is this climate type generally found? most in south america
features of global circulation or other regional effects influence this climate? ITCZ all yr |
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Term
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Definition
10-20deg
Temperature: around 70deg
Percipitation regimes: no rain between dec-feb
Timing of the wet or dry season: dry season- winter wet season - summer
What does a typical climate diagram for this type look like?
Where is this climate type generally found? most in east africa
features of global circulation or other regional effects influence this climate? sthp winter itcz summer |
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Term
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Definition
| Temperature: Percipitation regimes: Timing of the wet or dry season: What does a typical climate diagram for this type look like? Where is this climate type generally found? Geatures of global circulation or other regional effects influence this climate? |
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Term
| Tropical/Subtropical Steppe |
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Definition
| Temperature: Percipitation regimes: Timing of the wet or dry season: What does a typical climate diagram for this type look like? Where is this climate type generally found? Geatures of global circulation or other regional effects influence this climate? |
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Term
| Tropical/Subtropical Desert |
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Definition
30-30deg
Temperature: high heat
Percipitation regimes: irregular
Timing of the wet or dry season:
What does a typical climate diagram for this type look like?
Where is this climate type generally found?
Features of global circulation or other regional effects influence this climate? |
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Term
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Definition
Temperature:
Percipitation regimes:
Timing of the wet or dry season:
What does a typical climate diagram for this type look like?
Where is this climate type generally found?
Geatures of global circulation or other regional effects influence this climate? |
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Term
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Definition
Temperature:
Percipitation regimes:
Timing of the wet or dry season:
What does a typical climate diagram for this type look like?
Where is this climate type generally found?
Geatures of global circulation or other regional effects influence this climate? |
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Term
|
Definition
Temperature:
Percipitation regimes:
Timing of the wet or dry season:
What does a typical climate diagram for this type look like?
Where is this climate type generally found?
Geatures of global circulation or other regional effects influence this climate? |
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Term
|
Definition
Temperature:
Percipitation regimes:
Timing of the wet or dry season:
What does a typical climate diagram for this type look like?
Where is this climate type generally found?
Geatures of global circulation or other regional effects influence this climate? |
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Term
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Definition
Temperature:
Percipitation regimes:
Timing of the wet or dry season:
What does a typical climate diagram for this type look like?
Where is this climate type generally found?
Geatures of global circulation or other regional effects influence this climate? |
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Term
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Definition
Temperature:
Percipitation regimes:
Timing of the wet or dry season:
What does a typical climate diagram for this type look like?
Where is this climate type generally found?
Features of global circulation or other regional effects influence this climate? |
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Term
|
Definition
Temperature:
Percipitation regimes:
Timing of the wet or dry season:
What does a typical climate diagram for this type look like?
Where is this climate type generally found?
Features of global circulation or other regional effects influence this climate? |
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Term
|
Definition
Temperature:
Percipitation regimes:
Timing of the wet or dry season:
What does a typical climate diagram for this type look like?
Where is this climate type generally found?
Features of global circulation or other regional effects influence this climate? |
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Term
|
Definition
Temperature:
Percipitation regimes:
Timing of the wet or dry season:
What does a typical climate diagram for this type look like?
Where is this climate type generally found?
Features of global circulation or other regional effects influence this climate? |
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Term
|
Definition
Temperature:
Percipitation regimes:
Timing of the wet or dry season:
What does a typical climate diagram for this type look like?
Where is this climate type generally found?
Features of global circulation or other regional effects influence this climate? |
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Term
| Vegetation Cover - Tropical Rainforest |
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Definition
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Term
| Vegetation Cover - Tropical Savanna |
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Definition
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Term
| Vegetation Cover - Tropical Monsoon |
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Definition
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Term
| Vegetation Cover - Tropical/Subtropical Steppe |
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Definition
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Term
| Vegetation Cover - Tropical/Subtropical Desert |
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Definition
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Term
| Vegetation Cover - Midlatitude Steppe |
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Definition
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Term
| Vegetation Cover - Midlatitude Desert |
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Definition
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Term
| Vegetation Cover - Humid Subtropical |
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Definition
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Term
| Vegetation Cover - Mediterranean |
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Definition
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Term
| Vegetation Cover - Marine West Coast |
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Definition
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Term
| Vegetation Cover - Humid Continental |
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Definition
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Term
| Vegetation Cover - Subarcitc |
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Definition
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Term
| Vegetation Cover - Tundra |
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Definition
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Term
| Vegetation Cover - Ice Cap |
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Definition
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Term
| Vegetation Cover - Highlands |
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Definition
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Term
| How do shifts in the circulation features affect the climate diagram with its correct location on a map. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Ice Age
~2.0m - ~12,000 yrs ago |
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Term
| Discuss how cooler periods (glacials) are linked to glacial advance and warmer periods (interglacials) to glacial retreat. |
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Definition
Interglacial period- ice covers less/ warmer
glacial period - ice covers more / cooler |
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Term
| What are the effects on sea level? |
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Definition
sea levels fall when glacial ices form
sea levels rise when ice retreats |
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Term
| Roughly how many glacial/interglacial cycles have occurred during the Pleistocene? |
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Definition
| 18 - 20 advances and retreats of the ice sheets |
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Term
| How extensive was continental glaciation in North America? |
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Definition
| went into the dakotas down to illinois indiana ohio and cut up |
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Term
| What are some evidences of past climatic change (geologic, pollen, tree-rings, historical records) |
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Definition
geologic - gases recovered from ice
pollen- pollen collected from lake sediments
tree-rings - show moisture
historical records - wine period in england / alpine glacier advance |
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Term
| What are the basic theories that help account for climate change? (1astromomical (orbital),2solar variability,3 volcanic dust, 4carbon dioxide)How do these vary in terms of effects on energy balance? Time grame over which they operate? |
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Definition
1elptic rotation and tilt not always the same
2changes in solar luminescence -sunspots
3changes in planetary albedo
1-3involve changes in the amount of solar radiation coming in
4change in terrestrial radiation loss |
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Term
| What is an urban heat island? |
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Definition
| downtowns are much warmer than surrounding country side |
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Term
| What factors contribute to an urban heat island? |
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Definition
| high heat storage in building materials, tall buildings, faster runoff, combustion |
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Term
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Definition
| current warming of earths surface by heat radiating back and getting trapped |
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Term
| How is it linked to fossil fuel combustion? |
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Definition
| co2 being released into the atmo |
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Term
| What are the major greenhouse gases? |
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Definition
anthropogenic carbon dioxide
methane
ccfs
nitrous oxides |
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Term
| What are examples of positive and negative feedbacks? |
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Definition
positive - ice albedo clouds
negative - clouds |
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Term
| How do they contribute to uncertainty about the magnitude of global warming? |
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Definition
| role of coean/atmo interactions |
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Term
| What are some of the possible consequences of global warming? |
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Definition
increased global temp
sea level rise
warmer ocean - inreased evap
greater variability in precip |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Ocean Currents - Kuriosho or Japan |
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Definition
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Term
| Ocean Currents - Gulf Stream |
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Definition
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Term
| Ocean Currents - Labrador |
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Definition
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Term
| Ocean Currents - Humboldt or Peru |
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Definition
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Term
| Ocean Currents - Benguela |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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