Term
What are anabena?
What is the mode of nutrition?
What are the key morphological features?
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Definition
[image]
Cyanobacteria species that form filamentous colonies.
Modes of nutrition:Nitrogen fixation and Photosynthesis.
Have special cells called heterocytes that carry out nitrogen fixation.
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Term
What are Unikonts?
What is their mode of nutrition? |
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Definition
Group of eukaryotes that form two clades the amebozoans and the opisthokonts.
All unikonts are heterotrophs |
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Term
What are Protists?
What are their modes of nutrition?
What are their key morphological differences? |
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Definition
extremely diverse primarily unicellular group of organisms.
Modes of nutrition: Photoautotrophs, Heterotrophs, or mixotrophs.
Utilize various mechnisms to move such as cilia or flagella |
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Term
What are Physarum polycephalum?
What is their mode(s) of nutrition?
What is(are) their key morpholigical difference(s)? |
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Definition
[image]
Organism in the clade plasmodial slime mold under the clade slime molds under the clade unikonta.
Mode of nutrition: Heterotrophic.
Has a multinucleic feeding stage
during cytoplasmic streaming psudopodia are extended to engulf microbes and spores. |
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Term
What are Ameoba proteus?
What is their mode(s) of nutrition?
What is(are) their key morpholigical difference(s)? |
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Definition
[image]
Group in the clade ameobozoan under the clade unikonta.
Mode of Nutrition: Heterotroph
Have lobe or tube shaped pseudopodia by which they move and engulf prey. |
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Term
What are Porphyra?
What is their mode(s) of nutrition?
What is(are) their key morpholigical difference(s)? |
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Definition
[image]
Multicellular red algae under that clade archaeplastida.
Mode of nutrition: Photoautotroph.
Chlorophyll masked by a red pigment called phycoerythin |
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Term
What are Chlamydomonas?
What is their mode(s) of nutrition?
What is(are) their key morpholigical difference(s)? |
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Definition
[image]
Unicellular green algae in the clade archaeplastida.
Mode of nutrition:Photoheterotroph
has a cell wall and a single cup-shaped chloroplast. |
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Term
What are Volvox?
What is their mode(s) of nutrition?
What is(are) their key morpholigical difference(s)? |
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Definition
[image]
A photosynthetic colonial green algae in the clade Archaeplastida.
Mode of Nutrition: Photoautotroph
The wall of the colony is composed of hundreds of cells of the same type, connected by cytoplasmic strands, embeded in a gelatinous matrix.
Each cell has two flagella
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Term
What are Ulva?
What is their mode(s) of nutrition?
What is(are) their key morpholigical difference(s)? |
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Definition
[image]
Group in the clade archaeplastida
Mode of Nutrition: Photosynthetic
Has blades and a holdfast but lack vascular tissue
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Term
What are Eugelena?
What is their mode(s) of nutrition?
What is(are) their key morpholigical difference(s)? |
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Definition
[image]
Species in the clade Excavata
Mixotrophic
Evolved from the secondary endosymbiosis of green algae
Move by means of flagellum
Have an eyspot to sense light
Have a thin layer of tissue outside the plasma membrane called a pellicle to add protection |
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Term
| What did the clade chromalveolata originate from? |
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Definition
| The secondary endosymbiosis of red alga. |
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Term
What are Dinoflagellates?
What is their mode(s) of nutrition?
What is(are) their key morpholigical difference(s)? |
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Definition
[image]
Clade within the group chromalveolata
Mixotrophic,heterotrophic,And photosynthetic.
Cell walls are covered with an "armor" of cellulose plates.
Have 2 flagella located in perpendicular grooves in the "armor"
The positions of the flagella cause the dinoflagellates to spin as they move through water. |
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Term
What are Parmecium?
What is their mode(s) of nutrition?
What is(are) their key morpholigical difference(s)? |
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Definition
[image]
Group within the clade cilliates under the clade Chromalveolata.
Are heterotrophic.
Covered with thousands of hairlike flagella called cilia.
They take in food at a point called the cytosome where cillia create a current of water where food is wafted into the cell and digested in the food vacuole
They are able to get rid of excess water with a structure known as a contractile vacuole which swells with water then finally realeses the water outside the cell. |
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Term
What are Diatoms?
What is their mode(s) of nutrition?
What is(are) their key morpholigical difference(s)? |
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Definition
[image]
Group in the clade Chromalveolata.
They are photosynthetic.
They have ornate glass-like cell walls composed of silica.
The two wall fit together like a box.
Some are radially symmetrical others are bilaterally symmetrical. |
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Term
What are Luminaria?
What is their mode(s) of nutrition?
What is(are) their key morpholigical difference(s)? |
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Definition
[image]
Group with in the clade brown algae in the clade chromalveolata.
Mode of nutrition: photosynthetic
Appear to have true stems, leaves and roots but have no vascular tissue. |
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Term
What are Fungi?
What is their mode(s) of nutrition?
What is(are) their key morpholigical difference(s)? |
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Definition
primarily multicellular non-motile organisms.
They are heterotrophic.
They may be decomposer,parasites,or mutualists.
Their bodies are composed of filaments called hyphae, and the cell wall are strengthened by chitin.
A mass of Hyphae is called a mycellium which penetrates the substrate its growing on.
They do not digest food but secrete hydrolitic enzymes that break down their food which they then absorb. |
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Term
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Definition
Include mushrooms and shelf fungi.
They are called club fungi because their spores are borne on the tips of club shaped basidia
form elaborate fruiting bodies known as basidiocarps.
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Term
| What is the Fruiting body of a Basidiomycete called? |
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Definition
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Term
Identify each structure?
[image] |
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Definition
1.Hyphae
2.Basidia (structures that produce basidiospores) |
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Term
| What are Shelf or Bracket fungi? |
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Definition
Basidiomycetes that grow on dead or damaged trees.
The "Bracket" is the basidiocarp and the remainder of the fungus penetrates and decomposes the wood.
Have pores rather than gills through which spores are realesed. |
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Term
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Definition
A composition of a fungus and either a green alga or cyanobacterium living together in a symbiotic relationship.
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Term
What are Fruticose Lichens?
What do they look like? |
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Definition
[image]
Lichens that Grow on living or dead trees.
Look like little shrubs. |
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Term
What are Foliose Lichens?
What do They look like? |
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Definition
[image]
Lichens found on fallen logs or tree trunks.
Look like Leaves |
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Term
| What are Crustose Lichens? |
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Definition
[image]
Thin and crusty lichens that grow tightly appressed to hard surfaces, such as rocks |
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Term
| What is the closest living relative to the land plants? |
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Definition
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Term
Identify the structures.
[image] |
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Definition
1.Archagonia
2.Antheridia |
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Term
| After fertilization what is a zygote enclosed in? |
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Definition
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Term
In Chara what is the only diploid cell in the life cylce?
What does this cause? |
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Definition
The zygote.
since the zygote undergoes meosis to form zoospores there is no multicellular sporophyte generation. |
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Term
What are the bryophytes?
What are their symapomorhies?
Synapomorphies? |
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Definition
The most primitive land plants.
Symapomorphies: Flagellated sperm, water required for fertilization.
Synapomorphies: alternantion of generations, walled spores in sporangia, multicellular gametangia, an embryo,apical meristems, a cuticle. |
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Term
| What is the basic lifecycle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the life cycle of the Bryophytes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the dominant generation in the bryophytes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why are The characteristics of organisms in the phylum level clade hapatophyta. |
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Definition
| Dominant gametophyte, Have a ribbon shaped thallus. have stalked gametophores called archegoniophores and anthridiophores. |
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Term
| What does an archegoniophore look like? |
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Definition
[image]
like a tiny palm tree |
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Term
| What does an anthridiophore look like? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the major Synapomorphies of the seedless vascular plants? |
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Definition
Vacular tissue xylem and phloem.
Branched sporophytes with true stems,leaves,and roots |
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Term
| What are the two clades in the seedless vascular plants? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the symapomorphies for the seedless vascular plants? |
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Definition
| Flagellated sperm cells and spores |
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Term
| What are the major synapomorphies of the seedless vascular plants? |
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Definition
All have a dominant sporophyte generation.
all have a reduced gametophyte.
vascular tissue with lignified cells.
Have branched sporophytes with true roots leaves and stems |
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Term
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Definition
| leaves with a single strand of vascular tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| Highly branched vascular system in leaves |
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Term
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Definition
| modified leaves that bear sporangia |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
What is lycopodium?
Name the structures.[image]
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Definition
Club moss in th group lycophyta that has spirally arranged microphylls and a strobilus at the tip of the stem that are homosporous.
1.sporophyll
2.sporangium
3.spores |
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Term
What are selaginella?
Name the structures?
[image] |
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Definition
A spikemoss in the group lychopyta that has microphylls in four vertical ranks and are heterosporous.
1.microsporangium with microspores
2.microsporophyll
3.megasporophyll
4.megasporangium with megaspores |
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Term
| What is the dominant generation in the ferns? |
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Definition
| The sporophyte generation. |
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Term
| What type of leaves do ferns have? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of roots do ferns have? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A cluster of sporangia under a frond often covered with a protective flap of tissue |
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Term
| Are ferns homosporous or heterosporous? |
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Definition
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Term
Name the structures.
[image] |
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Definition
1. Archegonia
2.Anthridia
3.Sperm
4. Eggs |
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Term
| What are the shared derrived traits of the Seedless vascular plant? |
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Definition
Dominant sporophyte generation
a reduced gametophyte
vascular tissue w/ lignigied cells
are microphylls or megaphylls
have sporophylls |
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Term
| What is the dominant generation in both the gymnosperms and angiosperms? |
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Definition
| The sporophyte generation |
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Term
| What is significant about the gametophytes in Gymnosperms and Angiosperms? |
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Definition
| The gametophyte is very reduced, and are protected by the sporophyte as they develop. |
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Term
| What is the male gametophyte? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Plants that form seeds on the surface of modified leaves called megasporophylls |
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Term
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Definition
| Sporophylls that are aggregated into a cone structure. |
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Term
| What are the key morphological characterstic of organisms in the clade coniferophyta? |
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Definition
| Are usually evergreens with needle-like or scale-like leaves. |
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Term
Identify the structures.
[image] |
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Definition
1.micrsporophyll
2.microsporangium
3.microspores |
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Term
What do megastrobili look like during the first spring ?
What takes place at this stage? |
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Definition
[image]
Pollination takes place at this stage
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Term
Identify the structures.
[image] |
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Definition
1. Megaspore
2.megaSporophyll
3. Ovule |
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Term
Identify the structure of the Ovule.
[image] |
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Definition
1. Micropyle
2. Integument
3.archegonium
4.Ovule
5. |
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Term
| What happens and by what process does the megaspore mother cell divide? |
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Definition
| By meosis the megaspore mother cell divides producing 4 mega spores in which 3 disentigrate and the 4th becomes the female gametophyte. |
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Term
| What happens during the second year inside a megastrobilli? |
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Definition
Each pollen grain has been held within an ovule and forms a pollen tube and produces two sperm, one of which fertilizes the egg. after ferilization the zygote develops into an embryo
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Term
| After the fertilization of a zygote and the development of an embryo what does each megasporophyll bear? |
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Definition
| Two seeds each of which has a wing for wind dispersal |
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Term
| What is the second surviving lineage of the seed plants? |
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Definition
| Phylum-level clade anthophyta.(Angiosperms or flowering plants) |
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Term
| What are the derived traits of the angiosperms? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The sepals and petals collectively |
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Term
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Definition
| The male parts of the flower composed of the filament and the anther. |
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Term
| Where are pollen grains produced in angiosperms? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A megasporophyll, a modified leaf that bears ovules |
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Term
| What is a complete flower? |
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Definition
| A flower that has all the plant parts |
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Term
| What are daisy mum and sunflower composed of? |
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Definition
| Two types of flowers ray flowers and disk flowers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Nutritive tissue for the developing embryo. |
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Term
| What is the function of the cotyledon? |
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Definition
| To provide food for the seedling during early growth. |
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Term
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Definition
| The part of the stem above the point of attatchment of the cotyledons |
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Term
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Definition
| The stem below the point of attatchment of the cotyledons |
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Term
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Definition
| A protective sheath for the young stem |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Protective sheath for the radicle |
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Term
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Definition
| The plant organ derived from the ovary of a flower and which contains seeds. |
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Term
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Definition
| Food that comes from leaves stems or roots |
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Term
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Definition
Fruits that develop form a single ovary.
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Term
| What are aggregate fruits? |
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Definition
| Fruits derived from several to many ripened ovaries of a single flower |
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Term
| What are accessory fruits? |
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Definition
| Fruits that incorporate nearby tissues of other floral parts such as sepals or the receptacle |
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Term
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Definition
1.Anther
2. Filament
3. Stamen
4. Stigma
5. Style
6.Ovary
7.Carpels
8. Sepals
9.Ovules
10. Petals |
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