Term
Important dates:
What happened in 1607? |
|
Definition
Jamestown Founded
(First permanent English settlement in America) |
|
|
Term
Important Dates:
What happened in 1620? |
|
Definition
| Mayflower Compact was written |
|
|
Term
Important Dates:
What happened in 1776? |
|
Definition
| Declaration of Independence Written |
|
|
Term
Important Dates:
What happened in 1787? |
|
Definition
| US Constitution was written |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was John Smith? |
|
Definition
| John Smith helped and saved Jamestown from starvation and disease during the colonial period |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was Pocahontas? |
|
Definition
| Pocahontas saved John Smith's life and helped the colony of Jamestown survive |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was Powhatawn? |
|
Definition
| Indian tribe that helped the settlers of Jamestown plant corn and tobacco |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was Anne Hutchinson? |
|
Definition
| Anne Hutchinson was kicked out of Massachusetts for saying God speaks to her directly, she then moved to Rhode Island |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was Thomas Hooker? |
|
Definition
| Thomas Hooker founded Connecticut after being kicked out of Massachusetts for his religious beliefs during the colonial period |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was Roger Williams? |
|
Definition
| Roger Williams founded Rhode Island after being kicked out of Massachusetts for his religious beliefs during the Colonial Period |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was James Oglethorpe? |
|
Definition
| James Oglethorpe founded Georgia Colony for debtors during the Colonial Period |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was William Penn? |
|
Definition
| William Pennfounded Pennsylvania, which was founded for religious freedom and is home of the Quakers |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was Thomas Jefferson? |
|
Definition
| Jefferson was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence during the Revolutionary Period |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was Samuel Adams? |
|
Definition
| Samuel Adams was an anti-federalist who founded the Sons of Liberty to protest unfair taxes, organized the Committees of Correspondence to help build outrage among colonists after the Boston Massacre, and signied the Declaration |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was John Adams? |
|
Definition
| John Adams was a Politician during the Colonial and Revolutionary periods and also signed the declaration of Independence |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was Molly Pitcher? |
|
Definition
| Molly Pitcher was a woman who helped carry water to the troops during the American Revolution |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was Marquis de Lafayette? |
|
Definition
| Lafayette was a French Commander who helped the American forces win the American Revolution notably at the Battle at Yorktown |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was
Benjamin Franklin? |
|
Definition
| Benjamin Franklin was a writer, an inventor, and politician who signed both the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was Paul Revere? |
|
Definition
Revere was a revolutionary hero who warned colonists that the british were coming to attack at the beginning of the Revolutionary war
"THE BRITISH ARE COMING! THE BRITISH ARE COMING!" |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was George Washington? |
|
Definition
| Washington led the French and Indian War, commanded the Americans during the Revolution, was the leader of the Constitutional Convention, and also became the 1st president |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was General Cornwallis? |
|
Definition
| The General was a British Commander during the American Revolution, surrenduring at Yorktown marking the end of the war |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was King George III? |
|
Definition
| The King of England during the Revolutionary and Colonial Periods, he placed unfair taxes on the Colonists that led to the cry for independence |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was Alexander Hamilton? |
|
Definition
| Alexander Hamilton was a Politician during the Colonial and Revolutionary times |
|
|
Term
People:
Who were the Hessians? |
|
Definition
| Hessians were German soldiers for hire used by the British to fight the Colonists during the Revolution; George Washingtion surprised the Hessians at the Battle of Trenton and defeated them on Christmas night |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was Crispus Attucks? |
|
Definition
| Crispus was the 1st person killed in the American Revolution, he was also 1 of the 5 Americans killed in the Boston Massacre |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was Patrick Henry? |
|
Definition
| Henry said "Give me liberty or give me death" in his speech of House of Burgesses to try to influence the colonists to fight for independence from Britain during the Revolutionary period |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was John Paul Jones? |
|
Definition
| Jones was a Naval commander during the American Revolution, he is famous for his quote during the battle with the Serapis, "I have not yet begun to fight." |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was Thomas Paine? |
|
Definition
| Thomas Paine was the author of Common Sense and The Crisis which were written during the American Revolution |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was James Madison? |
|
Definition
| James Madsion was the Revolutionary leader, a strong supporter of the consitution, considered father of the Constitution, and is a federalist |
|
|
Term
People:
Who was Nathaniel Greene? |
|
Definition
| Greene was a part of the Green Mountain Boys that led an attack to secure much needed supplies from the British held fort |
|
|
Term
People:
Who were the Quakers? |
|
Definition
| Quakers were people who settled in Pennsylvania during the colonial period and fought against slavery; it was against their religion (which is why they moved from England); they promoted equality |
|
|
Term
People:
Who were the Puritans? |
|
Definition
| Migrated to North America because they wanted Religious freedom during the colonial times |
|
|
Term
People:
Who were the Pilgrims? |
|
Definition
| Pilgrims came to America during the colonial period aboard the Mayflower to escape religious perrsecution in Europe |
|
|
Term
Importance:
What was the Protestant Reformation? |
|
Definition
| The Protestant Reformation was a movement to reform the Catholic Church in the 1500's; led to the creation of many different Christian Churches |
|
|
Term
Importance:
What were the Puritan town meetings? |
|
Definition
| These were meetings to discuss laws and religious practices in the community |
|
|
Term
Importance:
What was the Great Awakening? |
|
Definition
| The Great Awakening was a religious movement in the 1730's and 40's that started many new churches |
|
|
Term
Importance:
What were the motives for settlement? |
|
Definition
| The motives for settlement were religious, social, economic, and political |
|
|
Term
Importance:
What was the
signing of the Mayflower Compact? |
|
Definition
| The Mayflower Compact was signed on the boat because the Pilgrims were blown off course, needed to settle quickly and wanted an established government before they landed |
|
|
Term
Importance:
What was the House of Burgesses? |
|
Definition
| The House was the 1st representative government and was founded in Virginia |
|
|
Term
Importance:
What were the Characteristics of the colonial regions? |
|
Definition
New England: shipping, timber, and fishing based economy; availability of water is important to all regional settlements; early colonial economy is based on agriculture
Southern Colonies: rich soil; small to medium sized farms as well as large plantations, producing cash crops (cotton and indigo)
Middle Colonies: small to medium sized farms; became known as the Bread Basket because it grew wheat and barley |
|
|
Term
Importance:
What were the problems and successes of Jamestown? |
|
Definition
After the problems of starvation and sickness successes included: tobacco saved Jamestown from starvation; Native Americans helped early settlers by teaching them how to plant crops. |
|
|
Term
Importance:
What were the causes and effects of the French and Indian War? (seven years war) |
|
Definition
Causes: Boundry issues between the French and the Americans
Effects: a bloody war with even native americans picking sides The Treaty of Paris in 1763 ended the war giving the americans alot of land |
|
|
Term
Importance Causes & Events of the American Revolution:
What was the Boston Massacre? |
|
Definition
| Occured in Boston, Massachusetts; 5 americans died accidentally by british soldiers hands; it bacame propaganda to gain american support for independence |
|
|
Term
Importance Causes & Events of the American Revolution:
What was the Boston Tea Party? |
|
Definition
| Led in Boston, Massachusetts by Sam Adams and the Sons of Liberty, it was a protest of the Tea Act in which they threw British tea into Boston Harbor |
|
|
Term
Importance Causes & Events of the American Revolution:
What was the Quartering Act? |
|
Definition
| The Quartering Act was a law that stated colonists had to house British soldiers in their homes; this upset the colonists greatly |
|
|
Term
Importance Causes & Events of the American Revolution:
What were the Intolerable Acts? |
|
Definition
| A series of laws passed in 1774 to punish Boston for the Tea Party |
|
|
Term
Importance Causes & Events of the American Revolution:
What were the Son's of Liberty? |
|
Definition
| A secret Patriot group who reabelled against Britain |
|
|
Term
Importance Causes & Events of the American Revolution:
What was the Stamp Act? |
|
Definition
| A 1765 law that placed new duties on legal documents and taxed newspaper, almanacs, playing cards, and dice |
|
|
Term
Importance Causes & Events of the American Revolution:
What was the Tea Act? |
|
Definition
| A 1773 law that let the British East India Company bypass tea merchants and sell directly to colonists |
|
|
Term
Importance Causes & Events of the American Revolution:
What was the Proclamation of 1763? |
|
Definition
| Law forbidding English colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains |
|
|
Term
Importance Causes & Events of the American Revolution:
What was the Declaration of Independence? |
|
Definition
| A 1776 document stating that the 13 English colonies were a free and independent nation |
|
|
Term
Importance Causes & Events of the American Revolution:
What were the advantages and disadvantages of American troops? |
|
Definition
Advantage: familiar with land, wanted to fight for their freedom, Britain too far away to replace troops
Disadvantages: not as experienced as Britains world best navy, weapons were extremly limited |
|
|
Term
Importance Causes & Events of the American Revolution:
What was the winter at Valley Forge? |
|
Definition
| Headquarters for the continental armyin 1777-1778 located near Philadelphia |
|
|
Term
Importance Causes & Events of the American Revolution:
What was the Battle of Trenton? |
|
Definition
| A 1776 battle in New Jersey in which George Washington's troops captured a Hessian encampment in a surprise attack |
|
|
Term
Importance Causes & Events of the American Revolution:
What was the Battle of Saratoga? |
|
Definition
| in 1777, the first major American victory in the Revolution, which ended the British threat to New England; a turning point because France decided to become our ally which meant more aid and support |
|
|
Term
Importance Causes & Events of the American Revolution:
What was Lexington & Concord? |
|
Definition
| 1st battle of the American Revolution; 1775, conflicts between Massachusetts Colonists and British Soldiers |
|
|
Term
Importance Causes & Events of the American Revolution:
What was the Battle of Yorktown? |
|
Definition
| final battle in the Revolution; this 1781 American victory in Virginia forced the British to surrender |
|
|
Term
Importance Causes & Events of the American Revolution:
What were the 2 parts of the Treaty of Paris? |
|
Definition
| 1763 agreement between Britain and Fance that ended the French and Indian war, and marked the end of French power in North America; peace treaty between the US and Britain, ratified in 1783, that recognized the US as an independent nation |
|
|
Term
The New Nation:
What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? |
|
Definition
| Conflicts between states could not be easily or well solved without a central government there were also money problems as other nations tried to take advantage |
|
|
Term
The New Nation:
What was Shay's Rebellion? |
|
Definition
| 1786 revolt in Massachusetts led by farmers in reaction to high taxes |
|
|
Term
New Nation:
What were the NW Land Ordinances? |
|
Definition
| Create new territory in the Ohio River Valley and established rules on how territories can be admitted as states; considered one of the possitive aspects of the Articles of Confederation |
|
|
Term
Compromises of the Constitution:
What was the Great Compromise? |
|
Definition
| Compromise of the Constitution that states Congress is made up of the Senate (equal) and the House of Representatives (population) |
|
|
Term
Compromises of the Constitution:
What was the Compromise on the Slave Trade? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Compromises of the Constitution:
What was the 3/5 Compromise |
|
Definition
Each slave would count as 3/5 of a person for population purposes in Congress
(or only 3 out of every 5 slaves counted) |
|
|
Term
Compromises of the Constitution:
What is a Federalist vs. an Anti-Federalist? |
|
Definition
Federalist: believed in strong national government; limited by the constitution, did not need Bill of Rights
Anti-Federalist: believed in limited national government and wanted Bill of Rights |
|
|
Term
Documents:
What was the Mayflower Compact? |
|
Definition
1620
set up government based on the consent of the governed and the idea that laws would be created for the general good of the colony |
|
|
Term
Documents:
What were the fundamental Orders of Connecticut? |
|
Definition
| Puritan Colony in Connecticut expanded the idea of Representative Government (1639) |
|
|
Term
Documents:
What was the English Bill of Rights? |
|
Definition
| Guaranteed the rights of English Citizens (1689) |
|
|
Term
Documents:
What were the Articles of Confederation? |
|
Definition
| 1st Constitution for America; created weak central government and was supposed to be revised at the Constitutional Convention, instead new Constitution was made |
|
|
Term
Documents:
What was Common Sense? |
|
Definition
| Written By Thomas Paine, common sense informed the colonists why they should declare their independence from Britain |
|
|
Term
Documents:
What was the Crisis? |
|
Definition
| Written by Thomas Paine to encouragge Americans to keep fighting the British during the Revolution |
|
|
Term
Documents:
What was the Declaration of independence? |
|
Definition
1776
Document declaring New Englands official independence from Britain
main reason colonists declared independence was because of British Taxes |
|
|
Term
Documents:
What was the Bill of Rights? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Documents:
What is the Constitution? |
|
Definition
1787
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Our written document of government |
|
|
