• England finally unified
• England and Spain fighting for power
• massive population growth
• religious persecution

Genocide

Culture

Weapons

Horses

• Plantations, tobacco, rice, sugar.
• Relied on indentured slaves
• aristocratic, some religious tolerance 

Jamestown

1607

• 1st permanent british colony
• supported by the Virginia Company
• founded to find gold
• disaster struck early on with disease, lack of food, and conflict with native americans 

• Motivated Jamestown colony to work
• organizes tobacco industry
• "He who shall not work, will not eat."

• 1619 Political assembly
• 1st self-representative government

Maryland

1634

• Set up by Lord Baltimore for Roman Catholic freedom
• set up catholic but contained mostly protestants

• 1649
• protected Catholics in Maryland
• didn't help toleration
• one step closer to individual freedom

• attracted people to chesapeake
• the more indentured servants brought over by men, the more land they gained. 

• led by Nathaniel Bacon; natives and indentured servants fought against William Berkeley but Berkeley sided with Natives; the servants grew angry and revolted.
• Servants burned Jamestown & Berkeley fled. After Bacon died Berkeley retakes colony; Ultimate failure
• Convinces people to lean toward African slavery

The Carolinas

1670

• an extension of the West Indies; "Restoration Colonies"
• Economy based on rice and sugar
• heavily influenced by Charleston, the most active sea port and major center for trade
• North: Diverse, Democratic, religious freedom
• South: Aristocratic, slave trade

Georgia

1733

• colony for debtors
• became a buffer state against spanish in florida 
• diverse

• Founded upon [puritan] religion
• diverse economy
• population of farmers
• rocky, not fertile soil
• hostile native relations
• family based

Puritanism

• distinct society to come out of the protestant reformation
• Followed Calvin ideas such as salvation via predestination 
• looking to purify the church from within

• 1st to settle in New England
• Separatists
• searching for religious freedom in America after leaving Dutch Rep
• Landed in Plymouth Bay

• General agreement stating the pilgrims are sovereign and they can create their own lives/ govern themselves
• Legitimizes establishment
• one step closer to democracy

• Celebration of Natives and Pilgrims after survival of an extremely harsh winter
• Native Wampanoags helped pilgrims survive 

• economically had strong trade
• practiced religious freedom
• peace with natives for 40 years
• strong leadership of William Bradford
• Merged in 1691 with Massachusetts 

The Massachusetts Bay Colony

1629

• Puritans looking to escape persecution in england and others had economic motives
• government run by puritan male members of church who owned land; town hall meetings important to leadership

The Great Migration

1630s

• government to enforce god's law
• small communities/ local town government 
• only the puritan land owning males can participate in votes etc
• congregational church established (taxed)

Roger Williams

• minister, puritan
• challenges doctrine; church and state must be separated
• no man forced to go to church
• gov: criminal punishment; church: moral punishment
• banished from MBC and creates Rhode Island

• puritan who challenged belief and doctrine
• believed salvation alone should save 
• trial 1638; banished from MBC and flees to Rhode Island

• 1st baptist church est. 
• total religious freedom
• no taxes 
• Roger Williams founder

Conneticut

1636

• formed by puritan founders who left MBC 
• Thomas Hooker: leader searching for land
• The Fundamental Orders: 1st-ish constitution; written plan of government by consent of the people

Maine

1677

• Part of the MBC
• Later est. to even out senate as a northern state

New Hampshire

1679

• part of the MBC 
• Separates in 1679 [decision by king of england]

Pequot War

1636-1637

• 1st major war between natives and puritans
• fought in Connecticut over land issues
• major attack by puritans on village of mystic. 
• by end, prequots removed from land. 

• created by Charles II to end MBC and NE confederation because he believed the colonies were gaining too much power. 
• every colony N of New York became on big super colony put under the control of Sir Edmund Andros.