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U.S. Government Final Exam
Study guide
72
History
12th Grade
12/16/2008

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Amendment 1
Definition
Freedom of religion, speech, press, and assembly (1791)
Term
Amendment 2
Definition
Bearing Arms (1791)
Term
Amendment 3
Definition
Quartering Troops (1791)
Term
Amendment 4
Definition
Searches and Seizures (1791)
Term
Amendment 5
Definition
Rights of Accused Persons (1791)
Term
Amendment 6
Definition
Right to Speedy, Fair Trial (1791)
Term
Amendment 7
Definition
Civil Suits (1791)
Term
Amendment 8
Definition
Bail and Punishment (1791)
Term
Amendment 9
Definition
Powers Reserved to the People (1791)
Term
Amendment 10
Definition
Powers Reserved to the States (1791)
Term
Amendment 11
Definition
Suits Against States (1795)
Term
Amendment 12
Definition
Election of President and Vice President (1804)
Term
Amendment 13
Definition
Abolition of Slavery (1865)
Term
Amentment 14
Definition

Rights of Citizens

  • citizenship defined
  • representation in congress
  • penalty for engaging in insurrection
  • Public Debt
  • Enforcement
Term
Amendment 15
Definition

The right to Vote

  • suffrage for all citizens
  • enforcement
Term
Amendment 16
Definition
Income Tax (1913)
Term
Amendment 17
Definition

Direct Election of Senators

  • method of election
  • vacancies
  • time in effect
Term
Amendment 18
Definition
Prohibition of Alcoholic Beverages (1919)
Term
Amendment 19
Definition
woman suffrage (1920)
Term
Amendment 20
Definition

"Lame-Duck" Amendment

  • new dates of terms
  • meeting time of congress
  • succession of president and vice president
  • filling presidential vacancy
  • beginning the new dates
  • time limit on ratification
Term
Amendment 21
Definition
Repeal of Prohibition Amendment (1933)
Term
Amendment 22
Definition
Limit on Presidential Terms
Term
Amendment 23
Definition
Presidential Electors for the District of Columbia (1961)
Term
Amendment 24
Definition
Abolition of the Poll Tax (1964)
Term
Amendment 25
Definition

Presidential Disability and Succession

  • replacing the president
  • replacint the vice president
  • replacing the president with consent
  • replacing the redient without consent
Term
Amendment 26
Definition
Eighteen-Year-Old Vote (1971)
Term
Amendment 27
Definition
Restraint on Congressional Salaries (1992)
Term
Jim Crow Laws
Definition
laws designed to promote racial segregation (result to voting)
Term
Closed Primary
Definition
Only members of a political party may vote
Term
Open Primary
Definition
anyone can vote
Term
Civil Law
Definition
jury trial involving monetary awards
Term
Criminal Law
Definition
Jury Trial involving felony crimes
Term
FCC
Definition
  • Federal Communication commission
  • Limits Radio and TV stations companies may own
Term
Mass Media
Definition
  • Known as "fourth branch of government" for their influence on the population

- broadcast

- print

- internet

(3 types of mass media)

Term
AFL - CIO
Definition
  • american federation of labor
  • congress of industial organizations
  • most powerful labor union
Term
U.S Legal System
Definition
Influenced by: the code of hammurabi, ten commandments
Term
Warrant
Definition
  • person
  • place
  • thing
Term
Fifth Amendment
Definition
  • self-incrimination
  • protection in a criminal trial against testing one self
Term
Resident Alien
Definition
  • person who has established permanent residence but may not intend to become a citizen
Term
Uncontrollable
Definition
expenditure from previous budgetary requirement
Term
Taxable Income
Definition
Total income after deductions
Term
Collective Bargaining
Definition
union negotiates with employees
Term
Laissez - Fair
Definition
No government interference with bussiness
Term
SEC
Definition

securities and exchange commission

- regulate sale of stocks and bonds

Term
NAFTA
Definition
  • U.S., Mexico, Canada
  • north american free trade agreement
Term
Closed Shop
Definition
only hire union members
Term
Foreign policy
Definition
strategies/goals with another country
Term
Isolationism
Definition
avoid international affairs
Term
Internationalism
Definition
involved in world affairs
Term
NATO
Definition

north atlantic treaty organization 

 

western alliance after WWII in result to world war pact

 

Term
Containment
Definition
stop spread of communism
Term
Regressive Tax
Definition
affects low income households
Term
Progressive Tax
Definition
ability to pay
Term
Infrastructure
Definition
Streets, side walks, pipes, sewers, etc.
Term
Initiative
Definition
citizens propose amendment
Term
Parole
Definition
prisoner release under supervision
Term
Constitution
Definition
supreme law of the land
Term
Watch Dogs
Definition
Political party out of power
Term
State Senate
Definition
40 members
Term
State Assembly
Definition
80 members
Term
Absentee Ballot
Definition
ability to vote when out of town or due to illness
Term
Marbury v. Madison
Definition

- formed basis for the exercise of jucial review in the us under article III of the constitution

- case resulted from a petition to S.C. by william marbury

- he petitioned for the court to force madison to deliver the commission to marbury

cour denied his petition, claimed it was unconstitutional

Term
Miranda v. Arizona
Definition
- court held that both inculpatory and exculpatory statements made response to interrogation by a defendant in police custody wil be admissable by trial only if the prosecution can show that the defendant was informed of the right to consult with an attorney before and during questiong and of the right against self-incrimination prior to questioning by police, and that the defendant not only understood thse rights, but, voluntarily waived the.
Term
Brown v. Board of Education
Definition

declared that states laws that established separate schools for blacks and white denied black children equal educational opportunities

violated 14th amendment of the U.S constitution (equal protection clause)

Term
Plessy v. Ferguson
Definition

- upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation even in public accomodations, under cotrine of "separate but equal"

- vote 7:1 (remained standard doctrine U.S. law) later overruled in brown v. board

Term
Scott v. Sandford
Definition
people of african descent could never be a citizen of the U.S and U.S congress had no authority to prohibit slavery in federal territores, and slaves could not sue in court, and slaves can't be taken from ownvers without due process
Term
Revenue
Definition
money a government collects from taxes or other sources
Term
Executive Agreement
Definition
an agreement, not requireing senate approval, made directly between the president and the head of state of another country
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