Term
| Describe the function of the cerebellum? |
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Definition
1) It corrects the output of major DMP. It acts as a comparator between the cortical signal and resultant movement.
2) It is important in motor learning (interactions between climbing and mossy fibres). |
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Term
| What are the deep cerebellar nuclei? |
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Definition
1) Fastigial
2) Interposed
3) Dentate |
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Term
| What are the deep nuclei? |
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Definition
| The deep cerebellar nuclei and the vestibular nuclei. |
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Term
| Where is cerebellar input from? |
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Definition
| The periphery and all levels of the CNS. |
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Term
| Where does cerebellar output go? |
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Definition
| From the deep nuclei to the brainstem and motor cortex (via thalamus). |
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Term
| What is the main input, tract and terminals of the vestibulocerebellum? |
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Definition
1) Vestibular afferents
2) Vestibulo-cerebellar tract
3) Mossy fibres |
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Term
| What is the main input, tract and terminals of the spinocerebellum? |
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Definition
1) Spinal cord
2) Spino-cerebellar
3) Mossy fibres |
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Term
| What is the main input, tract and terminals of the cortico-cerebellum? |
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Definition
1) Cerebral cortex
2) Ponto-cerebellar
3) Mossy fibres |
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Term
| What is the main input, tract and terminals of all three divisions? |
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Definition
1) Inferior olivary nucleus
2) Olivo-cerebellar (contralateral)
3) Climbing fibres |
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Term
| What are the 4 spino-cerebellar tracts? |
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Definition
1) Dorsal and ventral spino-cerebellar tracts from the lower limb and trunk
2) Cuneocerebellar and rostral spinocerebellar tracts from the upper limb and trunk. |
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Term
| How do inputs from the cerebral cortex reach the cerebellum? |
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Definition
| Sensorimotor areas project to the pontine nuclei which receives inputs from the spinal cord and brainstem. The pontine nuclei project contralaterally to the cerebellum via the ponto-cerebellar tract. |
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Term
| What is the main input to the inferior olivary nucleus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the output, function and what effect would a lesion have in the fastigial nucleus? |
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Definition
1) Medial descending systems
2) Motor execution
3) Loss of balance; wide gait |
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Term
| What is the output, function and what effect would a lesion have in the interposed nucleus? |
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Definition
1) Lateral descending systems
2) Motor execution
3) Retention tremor; limb movement deficits |
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Term
| What is the output, function and what effect would a lesion have in the dentate nucleus? |
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Definition
1) Motor and premotor cortices
2) Motor planning
3) Difficulty with complex movements |
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Term
| What is the output, function and what effect would a lesion have in the vestibulocerebellum? |
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Definition
1) Vestibular nuclei
2) Balance and eye movements
3) Loss of balance and nystagmus |
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Term
| How do mossy and climbing fibres affect the output of purkinje cells? |
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Definition
1) Mossy fibres excite granule cells which send parallel fibres to excite a row of purkinje cells (weak)
2) Climbing fibres excite purkinje cells oriented perpendicular to the parallel fibres. |
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Term
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Definition
| Overshoot when attempting to touch an object. |
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Term
| Describe intention tremor. |
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Definition
| Increased tremor during movement of hand or foot to a target. |
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Term
| Describe dysdiadochokinesia. |
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Definition
| Difficulty in repeated pronations supinations of the arm. |
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Term
| Describe decomposition of movement. |
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Definition
| Lack of smoothness during multi-joint movement. |
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Term
| Describe scanning speech. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the effect of the purkinje cell on the deep nuclei? |
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Definition
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