Term
| What are the major components of the brainstem? |
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Definition
1) Cranial nerve nuclei
2) Descending and ascending pathways
3) Reticular formation
4) CSF flowpath. |
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Term
| Which nerves attach to the brainstem? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the special sensory nerves? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the motor nerves? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the mixed nerves? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which nerves carry parasympathetic preganglionic fibres? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which muscle does CN IV innervate? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which muscle does CN VI innervate? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the parasympathetic supply from CN III originate and what does it do? |
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Definition
1) Edinger- Westphal nucleus
2) Controls the ciliary muscle and sphincter pupillae. |
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Term
| What is the function of the vestibulo-cochlear nerve and what are the associated nuclei? |
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Definition
1) Hearing and vestibular function
2) Vestibular and cochlear nuclei. |
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Term
| What are the functions of CNV and what are the associated nuclei? |
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Definition
MOTOR:
1) Muscles of mastication (V motor)
SENSORY
1) Crude touch, pain, pressure and temperature sensation (spinal V)
2) Fine touch (chief sensory)
3) Proprioceptors (mesencephalic). |
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Term
| What are the functions and associated nuclei of CN VII? |
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Definition
MOTOR:
1) Muscles of facial expression (VII motor)
2) Parasympathetic preganglionic to submandibular, sublingual and lacrimal glands and mucosa (superior salivatory)
SENSORY:
1) Crude touch etc. from external ear (superior salivatory)
2) Taste (ant. 2/3 of tongue) (gustatory nucleus). |
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Term
| What are the afferent functions of IX and X and associated nuclei? |
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Definition
1) Crude touch etc. (XI- posterior 1/3 of tongue, X- lower pharynx, larynx and ear) (spinal V)
2) Internal organs (solitary nucleus)
3) Taste (from posterior 1/3 of tongue) (gustatory portion of solitary nucleus). |
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Term
| What is the efferent fuction of IX, X and cranial XI? |
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Definition
| Muscles of the palate, pharynx, larynx and upper esophagus (nucleus ambiguus). |
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Term
| What is the efferent fuction of spinal XI? |
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Definition
| Trapezius and sternocleidomastoid (nucleus in ventral horn). |
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Term
| What is the efferent fuction of XII? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the efferent fuction and associated nucleus of IX? |
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Definition
| Parasympathetic preganglionic to parotid (inferior salivatory). |
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Term
| What is the efferent fuction and associated nucleus of X? |
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Definition
| Parasympatetic preganglionic to viscera of abdomen (dorsal nucleus of X). |
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Term
| What are the 2 longitudinal group of motor nuclei? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the longitudinal groups of sensory nuclei? |
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Definition
1) Somatic
2) Visceral
3) Special (i.e. CN VIII) |
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Term
| Which nerve is responsible for the pupillary reflex and accomaodation reflex? |
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Definition
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Term
| What nerve is associated with the jaw jerk reflex) |
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Definition
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Term
| Wha nerves are involved in the gag reflex? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does a crania nerve lesion containing alpha motor neurones produce? |
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Definition
| A LMN syndrome. Paralysis of skeletal muscle and loss of movement on ipsilateral side. |
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Term
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Definition
1) CN VII lesion.
2) Paralysis of facial muscles on same side as the lesion.
3) Taste lost from ant. 2/3. |
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Term
| What would a CN III lesion cause? |
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Definition
1) Upper eyelid droops
2) Dilated pupil- supply to shphincter pupillae lost
3) Pupillary and accomadation reflexes lost. |
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Term
| What would a CN X lesion cause? |
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Definition
1) Uvula deviates owards normal side
2) Gag reflex lost. |
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Term
| What would a CN XII lesion cause? |
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Definition
| Tongue protrudes towards side of lesion. |
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Term
| Which nerves feed into the spinal V nucleus? |
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Definition
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