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| Nmap is a "Network Mapper", used to discover computers and services on a computer network, thus creating a "map" of the network. Just like many simple port scanners, Nmap is capable of discovering passive services on a network despite the fact that such services aren't advertising themselves with a service discovery protocol. In addition Nmap may be able to determine various details about the remote computers. These include operating system, device type, uptime, software product used to run a service, exact version number of that product, presence of some firewall techniques and, on a local area network, even vendor of the remote network card. |
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(Ping referred as Packet Internet Grouper) is a computer network tool used to test whether a particular host is reachable across an IP network; it is also used to self test the network interface card of the computer, or as a speed test. It works by sending ICMP “echo request” packets to the target host and listening for ICMP “echo response” replies. Ping measures the round-trip time and records any packet loss, and prints when finished a statistical summary of the echo response packets received, the minimum, mean, max and in some versions the standard deviation of the round trip time.
The word ping is also frequently used as a verb or noun, where it is usually incorrectly used to refer to the round-trip time, or measuring the round-trip time.[clarification needed]
The tool is used in a type of simple denial-of-service attack, known as a ping flood, in which the attacker overwhelms the victim with ICMP echo request packets. |
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| traceroute is a computer network tool used to determine the route taken by packets across an IP network. |
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| Domain Information Groper (abbreviated dig, or sometimes DiG) is a network tool, like nslookup, that queries DNS name servers. It can be used to simulate a DNS resolver or a name server. DiG can be used for network troubleshooting and for educational purposes. |
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| WHOIS (pronounced "who is"; not an acronym) is a query/response protocol which is widely used for querying an official database in order to determine the owner of a domain name, an IP address, or an autonomous system number on the Internet. WHOIS lookups were traditionally made using a command line interface, but a number of simplified web-based tools now exist for looking up domain ownership details from different databases. Web-based WHOIS clients still rely on the WHOIS protocol to connect to a WHOIS server and do lookups, and command-line WHOIS clients are still quite widely used by system administrators. WHOIS normally runs on TCP port 43. |
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