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moroccan Muslim scholar, the most individual of his time. Wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the W. Sudan
-1304-1369
-journal provides info, 30 years of travel,traveled over 75000 miles,made hajj |
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Equatorial region between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. It is characterized by generally warm or hot temperatures year-round, though much variation exists due to altitude and other factors. Temperate zones north and south of the tropics generally have a winter season
-1200-1500
-vacation spots for europe, warm yearround, rainy/dry season, monsoons |
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Seasonal winds in the Indian Ocean caused by the differences in temperature between the rapidly heating and cooling landmasses of Africa and Asia and the slowly changing ocean waters. These strong and predictable winds have long been ridden across the open sea by sailors, and the large amounts of rainfall that they deposit on parts of India, Southeast Asia, and China allow for the cultivation of several crops a year.
-1200-1500
-good farmland, rainy/dry seasons, pushed travelers to/from lands, heavy winds made for good sailing |
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Centralized Indian empire of varying extent, created by Muslim invaders.
-1206-1526
-large resovoir and irrigation canals, sinhalese kingdom, *** |
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Empire created by indigenous Muslims in western Sudan of West Africa from the thirteenth to fifteenth century. It was famous for its role in the trans-Saharan gold trade.
-"land of the blacks",controlled by Sundiata, wealth spread under Mansa Musa, rebellions of diverse people |
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His pilgrimage through Egypt to Mecca in 1324-1325 established the empire's reputation for wealth in the Mediterranean world.
-1312-1337, Mali ruler
-rep for wealth spread, dispersed many gifts, large entourage, depressed value of gold in Cario for a decade |
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Region of western India famous for trade and manufacturing; the inhabitants are called Gujarati
-1296-1351
-Ala-ud-fin's forces extended here, *** |
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Ship of small to moderate size used in the western Indian Ocean, traditionally with a triangular sail and a sewn timber hull.
-1500
-built large #'s, sailed from india to africa on NW monsoons, small kept coast in sight, skilled pilots |
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Vast African shores of the Indian Ocean between the Horn of Africa and the Zambezi River; from the Arabic swahil, meaning "shores".
-1250-1500
-supplied gold, had many ports, added indian goods to trade route, strait of Malacca |
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now in ruins (in the modern African country of Zimbabwe), whose many stone structures were built between about 1250 and 1450, when it was a trading center and the capital of a large state.
-193 acres, 18000 people, stone structures from local craftsmen, mixed farming and cattle herding |
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Port city in the modern south Arabian country of Yemen. It has been a major trading center in the Indian Ocean 1270-1500
-heavy rainfall, convenient stopever for trade, exported grain, opieum,dye, dealt in beads, glass and horses etc. |
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Port city in the modern Southeast Asian country of Malaysia, founded about 1400 as a trading center on the Strait of Malacca. Also spelled Melaka
-used to be small fishing village, low taxes, secure, meeting point of merchants |
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Persian-influenced literary form of Hindi written in Arabic characters and used as a literary language since the 1300s.
-tropical Africa and Asia
-from islam, also introduced paper making, arabic for written letters,affected less in India |
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City on the Niger River in the modern country of Mali. It was founded by the Tuareg as a seasonal camp sometime after 1000. As part of the Mali empire, Timbuktu became a major terminus of the trans-Saharan trade and a center of Islamic learning
-150 schools taught Quran, large library, clerics taught classes at home, very advanced for the time |
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