Term
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Definition
Adult: P= 60-100, BP Male= 110+age, BP female=100+age, R=12-20
Child: P= 80-110, BP=80+2 x age, R=24
Infant: P= 120-150, BP= 80/50, R= 40-60 |
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Term
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Definition
Hypovolemia: from hemorrhage, burns, severe diarrhea or profuse diaphoresis
Cardiogentic: from an MI
Neurogenic: from spinal cord injury
Anaphylaxis: from histamine relsease causing massive vsodilitation and bronchiole constriction
Sepsis: from massive relase of endo/exotoxins causing loss of capillary seal leading to third spacing. |
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Term
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Definition
Restlessness, anxiety, cold clammy skin, rapid thready pulse, rapid shallow breathing, thirst, confusion, hypertension.
Hypovolemic shock S/S: if pulse increases by more than 20/min when patient is elevated from a supine to sitting position. |
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Term
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Definition
Establish and maintain open airway
Administer O2
Arrest hemorrhage using MAST if necessary
Initiate at least one large bore life line of LR at TKO
Maintain normal body temp
Semi-fowler's position when possible
Monitor cardiac rhythm
Monitor LOC, pulse and BP with frequent vital signs |
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Term
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Definition
Trauma involving significant head injury
Suspected bleeding into chest
Patients in heart failure with pulmonary edema
Trauma above the level of MAST application |
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Term
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Definition
Always suspect spinal injury, avoid moving the head. Keep neck and spinal aligned.
Trauma assessment= Neurological assessment is most important. Did patient vomit? What are the current symptoms? Are drugs and/or alcohol involved. |
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Term
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Definition
| Head injury the BP increases and pulse decreases. In shock the pulse increases and BP decreases. Hypotension is almost never caused by head injury. Seen other possible causes elsewhere. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hypotension wihout other signs of shock, pulse is normal or slow. The most important assessment with head trauma is a through neurological assessment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Check for cause and protect the airway. Coma causes: Anoxia, alcohol, arrthymia, environmental (heat or cold), epilepsy, insulin, overdose, underdose (diabetes, heart conditons), trauma, infection (meningitis), psychogenic, shock. Assess gag reflex and vital signs. |
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Term
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Definition
Abrasions
Avulsion
Impaled object
lacceration
Hematoma's
Puncture wounds
burns
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Term
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Definition
Head=9%
Chest front=18%
Chest Back= 18%
(L) Arm=9%
(R) Arm=9%
(L) Leg=18%
(R) Leg=18%
Genitals= 1% |
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Term
| 3rd Degree Burn Criteria Treatment |
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Definition
damage to the full thickness of the skin, and can involve muscle and bone.
TX: put out the fire, establish airway, high-flow O2, IV, cover with sterile or clean dressing, remove jewelry. |
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Term
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Definition
| First determine if the patient is in contact with the current source. Airway, pulse (cardiac arrest is common result). The major damage is inside the body so the extent of actual injury may not be obvious. Cover burn sites with dry sterile dressing, treat for shock, splint possible fractures, apply EKG monitor. |
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Term
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Definition
| Never cover with goo. If burn is 2nd degree and covers more than 15% of the body or if acompanied by 1st degree covering 30-50%, or 3rd degree burn covers more than 10%, start an IV of LR |
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Term
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Definition
| Flush with water and remove clothing, cover with sterile dressing and rapid transport. If chemical is lye, brush off thoroughly before flushing. |
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Term
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Definition
| Establish airway, inspect mouth for fragments of teeth or blood that might be aspirated, examine mouth for broken teeth or dentures, try to find broken peice's and treat for spinal cord injury. If there is a foreign object impaled in the cheek, this is the only instance when impaled object may be removed. |
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Term
| Abdominal Injuries below the 5th ribs |
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Definition
Any chest injury below the fifth rib (nipple line), is an abdominal injury as well.
S/S: may be blue-gray discoloration around the umbilicus, complain of nausea & abdominal pain, bowel sounds absent, tender abdomen, sometimes rigid. |
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Term
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Definition
Liver, spleen.
TX: airway, O2, Patient in a supine position, MAST, IV, NPO, attend to other injuries. |
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Term
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Definition
| Caused when bladder is full & thrown forward against a seat belt. |
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Term
| Trauma Time (don't dawdle) |
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Definition
| Airway and control bleeding and go. Start IV's and apply MAST enroute |
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Term
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Definition
most frequently occurring in men ages 50-70 and c/o moderate to severed midabdominal pain radiating to the back.
S/S: Mild to moderate mid-abdominal or lumbar pain (backpain) pulsating mass in the abdomen, also in (L) flank, signs of shock, rupture causes a "tearing" sensation.
TX: MAST, IV, EKG monitor, gentle rapid transport. |
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Term
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Definition
1. danger of asphyxia, danger of exsanguination, persistent intrapleural hemorrhage, cardiac tamponade, thoracoabdominal injuries, unstable maxillofacial injuries that threaten the airway, shock.
2. Stabilize the patients in danger of shock from their injuries, blunt trauma, burns, patient's with closed head injuries & decreasing LOC.
3. Spinal cord injuries, eye injuries, hand injuries, major compound fractures, injuries to large portions of muscle.
4. Patients with soft tissue injuries, lesser fractures.
5. walking wounded, cardiac arrest |
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Term
| Purpose of primary survey |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| mechanism's of injury, own rescuer's safety, position of the patient, establish medical control. |
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Term
| Patient triage at the scene |
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Definition
| Sorting of patient's according to degree of seriousness |
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