Term
|
Definition
| -secondary fungal metabilite |
|
|
Term
| What type of toxins are Tremorgens? What do they contain? What do they cause in general? |
|
Definition
-mycotoxins
-indole
-cause tremors or seizures |
|
|
Term
| What kind of mycotoxins is Penitrem A? Where is it found? IN which species is it most common? |
|
Definition
-penicillium mycotoxin
-found in moldy refrigerator foods
-most common in dogs |
|
|
Term
| How do we treat Penitrem A toxicity? |
|
Definition
-activated charcoal
-Pentobarbital or diazepam |
|
|
Term
| What are some of the types of staggers syndromes? |
|
Definition
-Rye grass staggers
-Paspalum (Dallis grass) staggers
-Bermuda grass staggers
-Corn staggers |
|
|
Term
| In ALL grass stagger syndromes, hazard increases with plant what? Is there a seasonal influence as well? |
|
Definition
-hazard inc with plant maturity
-greatest in late summer and fall as a result of rainy/humid weather |
|
|
Term
| What commonly infects the seedhead leading to Paspalum (Dallis Grass) staggers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the effects of ergot on clinical signs in LA? |
|
Definition
| -cattle and sheep typically move their hind legs in unison aka hopping |
|
|
Term
| When is Rye grass staggers most commonly seen? |
|
Definition
| -pelleted ration with horses |
|
|
Term
| What clinical sign is especially common with crabgrass staggers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What clinical sign is especially seen with Bermuda grass staggers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does Zing Phosphide look like? Where is it commonly seen? |
|
Definition
-grayish/ black poweder
-rodenticides |
|
|
Term
| Where is aluminum phosphide most commonly seen? |
|
Definition
| -grain fumigant: insect and rodent control |
|
|
Term
| What is the toxic principle of zing and aluminum phosphide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does phosphine gas smell like? |
|
Definition
| -smells like garlic or rotting fish |
|
|
Term
| Which animals are most commonly affected by zinc phosphide toxicity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical signs seen with zinc phophide toxicity? |
|
Definition
-emeses (may prevent sudden death)
-running fits
-sudden death
-abdominal pain
-seizures
-colic/bloat |
|
|
Term
| How do we diagnose a live animal with zinc/aluminum phosphide toxicity? |
|
Definition
-breath odor
-compatible clinical signs: seizures, running, etc
-vomitus |
|
|
Term
| What animals are most commonly affected by aluminum phosphide toxicity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do we diagnose a dead animal with aluminum/zinc phosphide toxicity? |
|
Definition
-stomach contents
-air tight containers
-rapidly frozen |
|
|
Term
| How do we treat zinc/aluminum phosphide toxicity? |
|
Definition
-emetic
-magnesium hydroxide |
|
|
Term
| What is the genus and species of water hemlock? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the toxic principle of water hemlock? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical signs of water hemlock? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the species of milkweeds? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the toxic principle of milkweeds? |
|
Definition
-galitoxin
-some western spp contain cardioglycosides |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical signs of broad leaf milkweed toxicity? |
|
Definition
| -GI signs: gastroenteritis, bloat |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical signs of narrow leaf milkweed toxicity? |
|
Definition
| -neuro symptoms: muscle tremors, ataxia, convulsions |
|
|
Term
| How do we treat milkweed toxicity? |
|
Definition
|
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