Term
| What is FIFRA? When was it established? |
|
Definition
| federal insecticide, fungicide, and rodenticide act - 1947 |
|
|
Term
| What is FQPA? What does it mandate? |
|
Definition
| food quality protection act of 1996* amended laws regarding pesticifes to give special consideration to children - if you don't have adequate juvenile data, you have to factor in a 10-fold safety factor * also have to do studies on environmental impacts on birds, mammals, aquatic organisms, plants and soils |
|
|
Term
| How is exposure to pesticides likely to occur? |
|
Definition
| accidental, occupational, drift from spraying, and consuming foods that have pesticides on them |
|
|
Term
| How do insecticides work? What is the target? Are insecticides selective? |
|
Definition
| they target the CNS - interfere with membrane transport of Na, K, Ca, and Cl and contribute to the release and/or persistence of neurotransmitters at nerve endings * they are not selective |
|
|
Term
| What characteristics do fungicides have to have in order to be effective? |
|
Definition
| low toxicity to a plant, high tox to fungi * be able to penetrate fungal spores* be active or able to be metabolized to toxic intermediate *form a protective layer on the plant that is resistant to sun, rain, and wind |
|
|
Term
| What characteristics do rodenticides have to have? |
|
Definition
| not induce bait shyness* be palatable * cause death in a way that doesn't alert survivors * make the intoxicated animal go outside to die* be species specific |
|
|
Term
| What 3 types of fungicides are there? Where is each type applied? |
|
Definition
| foliar - to the green parts * soil * dressing - to postharvest crops like cereal grains, tubers to prevent infestation |
|
|
Term
| How are herbicides classified? What are the classes? |
|
Definition
| by how and when the agents are applied * preplanting - to the soil, before crop is seeded *preemergent - to the soil before the appearance of unwanted vegetation * postemergent - to soil or foliage after crop or weed germination |
|
|
Term
| What characteristics can herbicides have? |
|
Definition
| selective, contact (act when on foliage), and translocated (absorbed via soil or foliage) |
|
|
