Term
| Aristotle to 17th Century |
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Definition
| Living organisms were classified into two kingdoms: plantae and animalia. |
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Term
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Definition
| Proposed the that single-celled organisms and bacteria be put into a new kingdom kingdom called protista. |
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Term
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Definition
| Suggested that all organisms be divided into two categories: procaryota (no nucleus) and eucaryota (nucleus). |
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Term
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Definition
| Proposed organisms be classified based on cell structure and method of nutrition. Used a five kingdom system (monera, protista, plantae, fungi, and animalia). |
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Definition
| Analyzed RNA and concluded that organisms be placed in three domains: bacteria, archae, and eucaryota (which contained the kingdoms protista, plantae, fungi, and animalia). |
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Term
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Definition
- Small
- No nucleus
- Single-celled.
- External cell wall.
- Small genome.
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Term
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Definition
| Have peptidoglycan in their cell walls. |
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Term
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Definition
No peptidoglycan in cell wall.
Many live in extreme environments (low/high temp, high salinity, low/high pH). |
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Term
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Definition
- Large
- Extensive internal compartments (allows specialization).
- Have a cytoskeleton (allows cell to move and change shape).
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Term
| Classification Based on Nutrition |
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Definition
Heterotroph: Organic carbon source.
- Chemoheterotroph: Energy from organic material.
- Photoheterotroph: Energy from light.
Autotroph: Inorganic carbon source.
- Chemoautotroph.
- Photoautotroph
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Term
| Origin of Eucaryotic Cells |
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Definition
- Membrane invagination.
- Endosymbiosis.
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Term
| Evidence that mitochondria/plastids are remnent procaryotes. |
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Definition
- Possess circular DNA and similar proteins.
- Produce many of their own proteins.
- Devide independantly of the cell.
- Sensistive to many antibacterial compounds.
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Term
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Definition
Members do not fit into other kingdoms.
Many members are unicellular.
Includes many important parasites. |
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Term
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Definition
Cell walls contain cellulose.
Members are sessile and photosynthetic. |
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Term
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Definition
Are chemoheterotrophic and saprophytic.
Are decomposers.
Cell walls contain chitin. |
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Term
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Definition
Lack cell walls.
Many have an extracellular matrix (jellylike substance that surrounds cells).
Chemoheterotrophs.
Reproduce sexually.
Motile during at least one life cycle stage. |
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