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Top 200 Drugs Week 1
Top 200 Drugs Week 1- Pain 1
31
Medical
Graduate
10/10/2013
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Term
Brand Name: Tylenol
 Definition
Generic Name: acetaminophen
Drug class: analgesic, antipyretic
Term
Brand Name: Motrin, Advil
 Definition
Generic Name: ibuprofen
Drug class: NSAID
Selectivity: COX-I & COX-II
Term
Brand Name: Aleve, Naprosyn
 Definition
Generic Name: naproxen
Drug class: NSAID
Selectivity: COX-I & COX-II
Term
Brand Name: Mobic
 Definition
Generic Name: meloxicam
Drug class: NSAID
Selectivity: COX-II > COX-I
Term
Brand Name: Celebrex
 Definition
Generic Name: celecoxib
Drug class: NSAID
Selectivity: COX-II selective
Term
COX-I (Good COX)
 Definition
Protects gastrointestinal tract by creating protective prostaglandins. Produced in most tissues
Term
COX-II (Bad COX)
 Definition
Not produced normally in most tissues. Production is increased in the presence of inflammation and tissue damage. Forms prostaglandins that contribute to pain and inflammation
Term
NSAIDs Adverse Reactions
 Definition
Common: Gastrointestinal - nausea, heartburn Cardiovascular - increased blood pressure, fluid accumulation
Serious:Gastrointestinal - bleeding/ulceration due to direct GI irritation AND decrease in prostaglandins Kidney(renal) failure - especially when combined with other meds that can damage kidneys
Term
NSAIDs Precautions
 Definition
Avoid use or monitor closely in patients with History of gastric/peptic ulcer disease or bleeding, High blood pressure (HTN)
Kidney disease (renal), Elderly patients (> 65 years), Congestive heart failure, Cardiac diseases (heart attack, stroke, blood clot)
Term
NSAIDs Black Box Warning
 Definition
Increased risk of fatality related to:
Cardiovascular:Thrombotic events (blood clots), Myocardial infarction (heart attack), Stroke, Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery
Gastrointestinal: Bleeding, Ulceration, Perforation
Term
NSAID patient counseling
 Definition
Take with food to decrease GI effects. Tell pharmacist/physician when taking aspirin. Do not take more than recommended maximum dose. Do not take with alcohol - may increase GI effects. Those with high blood pressure should monitor at home while taking
Term
Pediatric weight conversion
 Definition
2.2 lbs = 1 kg
Term
Ibuprofen pediatric dosing and available formlations
 Definition
Dosing: Temp < 102.5⁰F = 5 mg/kg/dose every 6 to 8 hrs. Temp > 102.5⁰F = 10 mg/kg/dose every 6 to 8 hrs. Do not exceed 40 mg/kg/day
Available pediatric formulations:
Children’s suspension = 100 mg/5 mL
Infant’s suspension (drops) = 40 mg/mL
Term
Acetaminophen pediatric dosing and available formlations
 Definition
Dosing:
10 – 15 mg/kg/dose every 4 to 6 hours. Do not exceed 5 doses/day or 2.6 grams/day.
Available pediatric formulations:
Children’s solution = 160 mg/5 mL
Infant’s solution (drops) = 80 mg/0.8 mL
Term
Brand Name: Tylenol
 Definition
Generic Name: acetaminophen
Drug class: analgesic, antipyretic
Term
Brand Name: Motrin, Advil
 Definition
Generic Name: ibuprofen
Drug class: NSAID
Selectivity: COX-I & COX-II
Term
Brand Name: Aleve, Naprosyn
 Definition
Generic Name: naproxen
Drug class: NSAID
Selectivity: COX-I & COX-II
Term
Brand Name: Mobic
 Definition
Generic Name: meloxicam
Drug class: NSAID
Selectivity: COX-II > COX-I
Term
Brand Name: Celebrex
 Definition
Generic Name: celecoxib
Drug class: NSAID
Selectivity: COX-II selective
Term
COX-I (Good COX)
 Definition
Protects gastrointestinal tract by creating protective prostaglandins. Produced in most tissues
Term
COX-II (Bad COX)
 Definition
Not produced normally in most tissues. Production is increased in the presence of inflammation and tissue damage. Forms prostaglandins that contribute to pain and inflammation
Term
NSAIDs Adverse Reactions
 Definition
Common: Gastrointestinal - nausea, heartburn Cardiovascular - increased blood pressure, fluid accumulation
Serious:Gastrointestinal - bleeding/ulceration due to direct GI irritation AND decrease in prostaglandins Kidney(renal) failure - especially when combined with other meds that can damage kidneys
Term
NSAIDs Precautions
 Definition
Avoid use or monitor closely in patients with History of gastric/peptic ulcer disease or bleeding, High blood pressure (HTN)
Kidney disease (renal), Elderly patients (> 65 years), Congestive heart failure, Cardiac diseases (heart attack, stroke, blood clot)
Term
NSAIDs Black Box Warning
 Definition
Increased risk of fatality related to:
Cardiovascular:Thrombotic events (blood clots), Myocardial infarction (heart attack), Stroke, Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery
Gastrointestinal: Bleeding, Ulceration, Perforation
Term
NSAID patient counseling
 Definition
Take with food to decrease GI effects. Tell pharmacist/physician when taking aspirin. Do not take more than recommended maximum dose. Do not take with alcohol - may increase GI effects. Those with high blood pressure should monitor at home while taking
Term
Pediatric weight conversion
 Definition
2.2 lbs = 1 kg
Term
Ibuprofen pediatric dosing and available formlations
 Definition
Dosing: Temp < 102.5⁰F = 5 mg/kg/dose every 6 to 8 hrs. Temp > 102.5⁰F = 10 mg/kg/dose every 6 to 8 hrs. Do not exceed 40 mg/kg/day
Available pediatric formulations:
Children’s suspension = 100 mg/5 mL
Infant’s suspension (drops) = 40 mg/mL
Term
Acetaminophen pediatric dosing and available formlations
 Definition
Dosing:
10 – 15 mg/kg/dose every 4 to 6 hours. Do not exceed 5 doses/day or 2.6 grams/day.
Available pediatric formulations:
Children’s solution = 160 mg/5 mL
Infant’s solution (drops) = 80 mg/0.8 mL
Term
Aspirin Indicatons
 Definition
Pain, Prevention and treatment in cardiac diseases (Heart attack, Stroke, After cardiac stent placement), Fever
Term
Aspirin Dosing
 Definition
Low dose (cardiac): 75 – 325 mg daily
High dose (pain/fever): 325 – 1000 mg every 4 to 6 hours (max 4 g/day)
Term
Aspirin Side Effects
 Definition
Bleeding! & GI ulceration, Reye syndrome (AVOID IN CHILDREN)
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