Term
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Definition
Keflex®
Class: Cephalosporin, 1st Generation
MOA: Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins which in turn inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls, thus inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis
Pregnancy: B |
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Term
Side Effects of Cephalexin |
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Definition
| Common SE: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, rash, headache, dizziness, elevated liver transaminases, eosinophilia |
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Term
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole |
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Definition
Bactrim®, Septra®
Class: Antibiotic, Sulfonamide derivative
MOA: Sulfamethoxazole interferes with bacterial folic acid synthesis and growth via inhibition of dihydrofolic acid formation from para-aminobenzoic acid; trimethoprim inhibits dihydrofolic acid reduction to tetrahydrofolate resulting in sequential inhibition of enzymes of the folic acid pathway
Pregnancy: C/D (at term) |
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Term
Side Effects of Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole |
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Definition
| Common SE: nausea, vomiting, anorexia, allergic rash, urticaria, hypersensitivity reaction, photosensitivity, diarrhea, dizziness, GI upset, headache, lethargy |
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Term
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Definition
Allegra®
Class: Histamine1 Antagonist, 2nd Generation
MOA: An active metabolite of terfenadine and like terfenadine it competes with histamine for H1-receptor sites on effector cells in the gastrointestinal tract, blood vessels and respiratory tract
Pregnancy: C |
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Term
Side Effects of Fexofenadine |
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Definition
| Common SE: headache, dyspepsia, fever, cough, URI, myalgia, pain, diarrhea, otitis media, rhinorrhea, dizziness, somnolence |
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Term
Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid |
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Definition
Augmentin®
Class: Aminopenicillin + Beta Lactamase Inhibitor
MOA: Clavulanic acid binds and inhibits beta-lactamases that inactivate amoxicillin resulting in amoxicillin having an expanded spectrum of activity. Amoxicillin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins which in turn inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls, thus inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis
Pregnancy: B |
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Term
Side Effects of Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid |
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Definition
| Common SE: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, loose stools, rash, urticaria, vulvovaginal candidiasis, contact dermatitis |
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Term
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Definition
Cipro®, Ciloxan®, Proquin® XR
Class: Fluoroquinolone
MOA: Inhibits DNA-gyrase in susceptible organisms; inhibits relaxation of supercoiled DNA and promotes breakage of double-stranded DNA
Pregnancy: C |
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Term
Side Effects of Ciprofloxacin |
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Definition
| Common SE: nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, headache, dyspepsia, dizziness, restlessness, lightheadedness, vaginitis, insomnia, photosensitivity, pruritis, rash, anxiety, agitation, confusion, tendinitis, arthralgia, elevated LFTs |
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Term
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Definition
Pravachol®
Class: HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor
MOA: Pravastatin is a competative inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, which is the rate-limiting enzyme involved in cholesterol synthesis
Pregnancy: X |
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Term
Side Effects of Pravastatin |
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Definition
| Common SE: pain, nausea, vomiting, headache, diarrhea, rash, fatigue, chest pain, dizziness, dyspepsia, myalgia, cough, flu syndrome, elevated CK, elevated liver enzymes |
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Term
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Definition
Desyrel®, Oleptro®
Class: Antidepressant, Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor/Antagonist
MOA: Inhibits reuptake of serotonin, causes adrenoreceptor subsensitivity, and induces significant changes in 5-HT presynaptic receptor adrenoreceptors. Trazodone also significantly blocks histamine and alpha1-adrengergic receptors
Pregnancy: C |
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Term
Side Effects of Trazodone |
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Definition
| Common SE: somnolence, xerostomia, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, fatigue, diarrhea, constipation, hypotension, edema, skin reactions, abdominal discomfort, joint and muscle pain, nasal congestion, weight changes, confusion, ataxia, sexual dysfunction, syncope, tremor, ocular irritation, malaise, HTN |
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Term
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Definition
Mevacor®
Class: HMG-CoA Reductase
MOA: is a competative inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, which is the rate-limiting enzyme involved in cholesterol synthesis
Pregnancy: X |
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Term
Side Effects of Lovastatin |
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Definition
| Common SE: infection, elevated CK, headache, arthralgia, sinusitis, back pain, flu syndrome, pain, flatulence, muscle pain, UTI, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dizziness, asthenia, elevated liver transaminases |
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Term
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Definition
Dyazide®, Maxzide®
Class: Potassium-Sparing Diuretic, Thiazide Diuretic
MOA: HCTZ inhibits sodium reapsorption in the distal tubules causing increased excretion of sodium and water as well as potassium and hydrogen ions. Triamterene inhibits dital convoluted tubule aldosterone-induced sodium resorption
Pregnancy: C |
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Term
Side Effects of Triamterene/HCTZ |
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Definition
| Common SE: electrolyte disorders, jaundice, muscle cramps, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, othostatic hypotension, rash, impotence, blurred vision, dizziness, anorexia, taste changes, headache, pancreatitis, constipation, hyperuricemia, photosensitivity |
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Term
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Definition
Coreg®
Class: Beta Blocker
MOA: Non-selectively inhibits beta-adrenoreceptor and alpha-adrenergic receptors
Pregnancy: C/D/D |
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Term
Side Effects of Carvedilol |
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Definition
| Common SE: dizziness, fatigue, diarrhea, hyperglycemia, weight gain, hypotension, bradycardia, dyspnea, nausea, headache, vomiting, joint pain, elevated BUN, abnormal vision, edema, hypercholesterolemia, rales, syncope, angina, anemia, pulmonary edema, elevated liver enzymes |
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