Term
| Tramadol (Zydol, Tramal SR, Durotram XR) |
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Definition
class: opioid analgesic; also inhibits reuptake of NA and 5HT
indication: moderate to severe acute or chronic pain
dosage: conventional tab 50-100mg q4-6h; SR tab 50-200mg q12h; XR 100-400mg/day; decrease dose in renal hepatic impairment and elderly; children 1-2mg/kg q4h
counselling: do not crush, control release tablet, swallow whole; L1; caution dizzy on standing |
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Term
| Oxycodone (Endone tab, Oxycontin CR tab, Oxynorm cap, Prolodone supp) |
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Definition
class: opioid analgesic
indication: moderate to severe acute and chronic pain
dosage: conventional tab 5-25mg q4-6h; CR tab 5-10mg q12h; supp 30mg q6-8h
counselling: do not break, crush, chew CR tab, swallow whole; L1; caution dizzy on standing |
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Term
| Morphine (Anamorph, MomexSR MSContin, Kapanol MSMono, Ordine) |
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Definition
class: opioid analgesic
indication: moderate to severe acute or chronic pain; adjunct during general anaesthesia
dosage: vary on indication, titrate on response, respiratory rate, and sedation score; chronic non-cancer: 5-20mg bd; breakthrough pain: liquid one-sixth of daily dose.
counselling: do not break/chew CR tablets/pellets. Kapanol/MS Mono may be opened and sprinkled on food mixed with 30ml of liquid, taken within 30min and 60min respectively. |
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Term
| Amoxycillin (Amoxil cap, Maxamox tab, Bgramin liq) |
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Definition
class: penicillin; bactericidal - interferes with cell wall peptidoglycan synthesis
indications: chronic bronchitis, CAP, acute bacterial otitis media, sinusitis, H. Pylori
dosage: 250-500mg tds, or 1g bd for severe infections (pneumonia) |
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Term
| Cephalexin (Keflex, Cilex, Ialex) |
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Definition
class: cephalosporin; bactericidal, interferes with peptidoglycan synthesis.
indications: UTI, staph and strep infections in those mildly allergic to penicillins.
dosage: 250-500mg q6h - 1g q6-12h (1-4g/day); UTI Px 250mg n, UTI Tx 500mg bd, reduce in renal impairment
Monitoring: monitor renal and bloods during prolonged treatment (>10day) and/or high dose treatment. |
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Term
| Roxithromycin (Rulide, Rulide D) |
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Definition
Class: macrolide; bacteriostatic, also have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects
Indication: URTI's & LRTI's, CAP, skin infections
Dosage: 300mg D (in 1 or 2 doses)
Counselling: take on empty stomach at least 15 minutes before a meal. If it makes you feel sick then you can take it with food. |
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Term
| Doxycycline (Vibramycin, Frakas, Doryx) |
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Definition
class: tetracycline, bacteriostatic
indications: acne, malarial prophylaxis
dosage: acne 50mg d; malaria Px 100mg 2 days before until 2-4 weeks after leaving.
counselling: take with food or milk to reduce stomach upset; take with a large glass of water, and remain upright (do not lie down) for an hour after taking a tetracycline. This is to stop tablets or capsules sticking on the way to your stomach, and causing painful damage to the lining of your throat.
Do not take antacids, iron, calcium or zinc supplements within 2 hours of a tetracycline as they may interfere with its absorption.
Avoid sun exposure, wear protective clothing and use sunscreen while taking this medicine. Take in the morning rather than at night. |
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