Term
| T/F Genome can tell us one's predisposition to a certain disease. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the only cells that are not diploid in the human body? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the bond that connects the nucleotides between nucleic acids |
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Definition
| phosphodiester bond between the 3' carbon of one nucleotide and the 5' carbon of another nucleotide. |
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Term
| What is the backbone of DNA |
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Definition
| sugar molecules, phosphate |
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Term
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Definition
| DNA is duplicated using existing one of DNA strand as a template by DNA polymerase. |
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Term
| What are the bases of DNA |
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Definition
| Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine, Adenine |
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Term
| What are the 3 different forms of RNA |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ribosomal RNA (97% total RNA) a part of structural ribosome |
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Term
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Definition
| transfer RNA (2% of total RNA) transfers amino acid to a growing peptide. |
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Term
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Definition
| messenger RNA (1% total RNA) carries genetic code from DNA for synthesis of proteins. |
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Term
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Definition
| segment of DNA molecule that contains information for building specific proteins. |
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Term
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Definition
| upstream promoter, which may extend over as many as 200 bp farther upstream. contains signs to turn a gene on or off. transcription factors binds in this region to promote or inhibit the transcription. regulates how much RNA is manufactured. |
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Term
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Definition
| located within about 40 bp of the starting site. this is found in all protein-coding genes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Contain information for the synthesis of protein. |
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Term
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Definition
| do not contain information for protein synthesis. |
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Term
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Definition
| contain information to stop transcription. |
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Term
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Definition
| Basal promoter of 7 bases. bound by large complex of some 50 different proteins. Transcription Factor IID which is a complex of TATA-binding proteins & other protein factors which bind to TBP. This is where RNA polymerase II binds. |
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Term
| What is the flow of the central dogma of molecular biology |
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Definition
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Term
| What direction does RNA polymerase move on the TEMPLATE strand? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is transcription described based on the template strand or the coding strand? |
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Definition
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Term
| The synthesized strand is identical to the coding strand or the template strand? |
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Definition
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Term
| What direction does mRNA grow? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does Guanine base pair with? |
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Definition
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Term
| What nucleotide is used to make a 5' cap for the mRNA? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the 5' cap do for the mRNA? |
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Definition
| It protects the mRNA from degradation by enzymes that degrade from the 5' region. |
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Term
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Definition
| splices the remaining exons back together after removing the introns. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nucleotides at the 3' end of the mRNA. completes the RNA molecule which is now ready for export to the cytosol. remainder of the transcript is degraded. |
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Term
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Definition
| the process in which the introns of precursor messenger RNA are removed and the remaining exons of the pre-mRNA are stitched together. |
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Term
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Definition
| proviedes a mechanism for producing a wide variety of porteins froma small number of genes (20-25 thousand). |
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Term
| What percentage of man's genes have alternative splicing? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the sequence of 3 RNA bases that encode a single amino acid. |
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Term
| How many possible codons are there? |
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Definition
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Term
| Does the small or large ribosome subunit bind first to the RNA and does it bind upstream or downstream of the start codon? |
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Definition
| small subunit, upstream (5'side) |
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Term
| What are the binding sites for the large ribosomal subunit? |
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Definition
| A (amino acid), P (peptide), E (exit) |
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Term
| At what site does the tRNA arrive on the ribosome? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| new tRNA to A site; preceding amino acid(AA) covalently linked to new AA. ribosomes moves. tRNA slide one position down. initiator tRNA released at E site. |
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Term
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Definition
| end of translation at stop codon (UUA, UAG,UGA). Protein-release factros recognize stop codon. Binding and GTP release polypeptide from ribosome. Ribosome splits to 2 subunits. |
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Term
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Definition
| proteins that regulate the binding of RNA polymerase, which synthsizes RNA from DNA and initation of transcription. They can either activate or inhibit RNA polymerase. |
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Term
| Where do the transcription factors bind? |
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Definition
| They bind to sequence-specific transcription factors on the eukaryotic promoter. |
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Term
| T/F The promoter and the enhancer do not interact through their binding proteins. |
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Definition
| False. They do interact through their binding proteins. |
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