Term
| What does the response of an organ or tissue depend on in relevance to radiation |
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Definition
sensitivity of the cell populations
turnover of each population in the tissue |
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Term
| What is a cell population |
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Definition
| Group of cells with characteristics proprotional in particular stages of the cell cycle |
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Term
| What year did bergonie and Tirbondeau perform irradtiation redent tests |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Ionizing radiation is more effective against cells that are actively dividing, undifferentiated, and have a longer dividing future. |
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Term
| What is Bergonis and Tribondeau's law based on in terms of cell sensitivity, and what is it not base on |
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Definition
| Based on the cell sensitivety being controlled by the cell characteristics, not on the radiation |
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Term
| Why were the immature cells in T&Bs rodent tests damaged at lower radiation doses as compared to mature cells |
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Definition
| Immature dividinf cells are dividing moe often, hence their cell cycle is more often in a phase of more sensitivity |
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Term
| What three points are B & T's Law Based on |
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Definition
| Cell differentiation, State in the cell cycle, and hwo many cell cycles in the future |
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Term
| What three categories are cell populations divided in to |
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Definition
Stem cell
Transit Cell
Static Cell |
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Term
This cel population is sole purpose is to divide by either maintian its own population, or producing cells for another population
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Definition
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Term
The cells are examples of what type of cell population
Basal skin cells, bone marrow, crypts of lieberkun, spermatogonia |
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Definition
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Term
| Which tissues are considerd self renewing |
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Definition
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Term
| This cell population has cells that are on thier way from one place to another |
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Definition
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Term
| What types of cell population can divide in transport |
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Definition
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Term
| These cells are examples of what type of cell population |
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Definition
| Nuleated red cell, reticulocyte |
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Term
| This cell population looses cells throughout the life of the organism |
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Definition
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Term
| This type of cell population would be considered to have fully differentiated cells with little to no mitotic activity |
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Definition
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Term
| Adult nervous tissue and Muscle are examples of what ype of cell population |
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Definition
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Term
| What does VIM Population for and are some examples of this cell type |
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Definition
Vegatative Intermitotic Cell
Basal Cells in epidermis, crypt cells in intestines, erythroblasts, and Type a spermatogonia |
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Term
| What is a DIF cell Population and what are some examples of this |
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Definition
Diferentiating mitotic cells
Type B spematogonia |
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Term
| What is a MPCT population |
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Definition
Multipotential connective tissue cells
Endothelial cells, fibroblasts |
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Term
| What is the RPM Cell Population |
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Definition
Reverting post mitotic cell population
Mature lymphocyte, liver cells |
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Term
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Definition
FIxed post mitotic cells
Nerve Cells, muscle cells, RBC, Spermatozoa |
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Term
This cell population represents these characteristics
Most sensitive
rapidly dividing
short lifetime |
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Definition
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Term
This cell population represents these characteristics
produced by a division of VIM cells
actively mitotic but more differentiated than VIM
Less sensitive to radiation
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Definition
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Term
This cell population represents these characteristics
Divide irregularly
More diferentiated than VIM and DIM
Intermediate Sensitivity
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Definition
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Term
This cell population represents these characteristics
do not divide
highly differentiated in structure and function
Resistant to radiation |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of cells are the exception to the rules in the RPM population |
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Definition
| Mature White Blood Cells - Lymphocytes |
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Term
| What two compartments are tissues made up of |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of relationship exists between sensitivity of the cell and differentiation level and whos law does this represent |
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Definition
| Bergonie and Tribuneo - inverse relationship |
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Term
| What was orginially thought to have happened with tissue damage when irradiated before current philosophy. |
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Definition
| damage to tissues was thought to have happened because of damage to the vasculature ot the parenchyma of the organ. |
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Term
| What was thought about the vasculature and sensitivity with RPM and FPM cells of lung kidney and spinal cord in older philosophy |
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Definition
| Vasculature was thought to be more sensitive than the RPM and FPM of the parenchyma therby cause in indirect death of parenchymal tissue |
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Term
| What does the current philosphy say about tissue response and killing of cells |
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Definition
| Response in all normal tissue is due to killing and then depletion of critical paraenchymal cells not in indirect result of vascular damage |
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Term
| What determines how and when the damage is manifested in the new philosophy |
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Definition
| The differences in time to see the damage is due to the dufferences in how often the cells of that organ divide |
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Term
| What two categories of response are normal tissues divided into |
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Definition
| Acutely responding and Late responding |
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Term
| How long after radiatin will acutley responding tissues manifest injury |
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Definition
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Term
| How long after irradiation will late responding tissues manifest damage |
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Definition
At least 3months after irradiation
Lung, Kidney |
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Term
| What two criteria are used to compare responses of different tissues to radiation in Assays |
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Definition
Must be quantifiable
the effect must have increase with increasing dose |
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Term
| What three categories are Assays of Damage divided into |
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Definition
Clonogenic
Specific Tissue function
Lethality |
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Term
| What does clonogenic mean |
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Definition
| Relates to the ability of stem cells to maintain reproducibility |
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|
Term
This assay has
tissues that contain stem cells
capable of division
can form clones in vivo
and are also studies in SITU |
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Definition
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Term
| In situ assyas are what type of assay |
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Definition
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Term
| Skin, intestinen testis and kidney cells are studied in |
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Definition
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Term
| Bone Marrow, thyroid, and mamary glands are what type of assay |
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Definition
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Term
| What does a transplantation assay require |
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Definition
| irradiated tissue to be removed and then injected ino another animal |
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Term
| What types of cells are functional assays used for |
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Definition
| Tissues that do not have clonogenic stem cells and a response that is not well known |
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Term
Functional assays are used for a favorable outcome in which modality
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|
Definition
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Term
| What are functional assays based on |
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Definition
| Physiology of organ or scoring visible changes |
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Term
| How does a lethality (nonclongenic) assay work |
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Definition
| studies the number of animals dead after localized aradiation of a specific organ |
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Term
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Definition
| lethal dose that kills 50 percent of the population, and further by the time when death occurs |
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Term
| What two things does Ancel and Vitemberger radiation damage theory depend on |
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Definition
Biologic stress on the cell
Conditoins to which the cell is exposed before and after radiation |
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Term
What was A&V theory about how cells are damaged
3 points |
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Definition
All cells will be damaged to the same degree for a given dose
But damage will only be expressed if and when a cell divides
Cells that divide quickly appear to be sensitive, cells that divide slowly appear to be resistant |
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Term
| Are Transplantation assays Clonogenic |
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Definition
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Term
Assays performed in Situ are a type of Clonogenic assay
True or False
What is special about an in SITU Assay |
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Definition
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