Term
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Agent
Epidemiology
Transmission |
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Definition
Rickettsia rickettsii
SE and South Central US
Spring/Summer
2/3 of cases in children younger than 15 years old
Usual mode of infection is a tick bite
Ticks, wild animals and dogs are reservoirs
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Term
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Clinical manifestations |
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Definition
Vasculitis that manifests with:
- Fever
- HA
- Rash (maculopapular or petechial) begins peripherally on wrists and ankles and spreads centripetally. Palms/Soles commonly involved
- Myalgias
- Mental status changes
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Term
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Laboratory Findings |
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Definition
- Leukopenia
- Thrombocytopenia
- Anemia
- Elevated Aminotransferases
- HYPERbilirubinemia
- hyponatremia
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Term
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Diagnosis/Treatment |
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Definition
- Fluorescent or peroxidase-tagged Ab tests of specimens from skin lesions
- Definitive dx only after 2nd week
- Tx should be initiated within 6 days of onset
- DOXYCYCLINE (regardless of age)
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Term
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
DDx |
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Definition
- HSP
- Ehrlichiosis
- Atypical Measles
- Leptospirosis
- Meningococcemia
- Enteroviral Infection
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Term
Ehrlichiosis
Agent/Epidemiology/Transmission |
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Definition
Monocytic :Ehrlichia chafeensis
Granulocytic :Anaplasma (formerly E.) phagocytophilia
Ehrlichia ewingii
E. chafeensis: SE and South Central US
E. phagocytophilia/E. ewingii: WI, MN, CT, NY
Spring/Summer
Adults at greater risk of infection although E. chafeensis is common in children
Tick bite
White-tailed deer and White-footed mouse are reservoirs |
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Term
Erlichiosis
Clinical Manifestations |
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Definition
Similar to RMSF
Rash less common in erlichiosis, whereas anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia are more common in ehrliciosis |
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Term
Ehrlichiosis
Diagnosis/Treatment |
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Definition
Intraleukocytic inclusions (morulae) in peripheral blood monocytes or granulocytes and acute and convalescent serologic titers
DOXYCYCLINE regardless of age |
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Term
| Tick-Borne and Zoonotic Infections |
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Definition
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Ehrlichiosis
Tularemia
Leptospirosis
Lyme Disease
Rat Bite Fever
Plague |
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Term
Tularemia
Agent/Epidemiology/Transmission |
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Definition
Francisella tularensis
Common in central states of Missouri, Arkansas, Tennessee and Texas (MATT)
Tick bite, but transmission also from direst contact with infected animals, aerosolization of organism, or ingestion of contaminated water or meat
Rabbits, Hares and Ticks are reservoirs |
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Term
Tularemia
Clinical Manifestations |
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Definition
Ulceroglandular form is most common:
- Fever
- Regional LAD
- Skin Lesions (ulcer/papule at inocculation site)
Pharyngitis, myalgias, vomiting, hepatosplenomegaly may be present |
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