Term
| Anterior Thoracic Landmarks |
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Definition
| Suprasternal notch, sternum, manubriosternal angle, costal angle |
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Term
| Posterior Thoracic Landmarks |
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Definition
| Vertebra prominens, spinous processes, inferior border of scapula, twelfth rib |
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Term
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Definition
| Bony structure with a conical shape, which is narrow at the top, 12 pairs of ribs and 12 thoracic verebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| you can feel this hollow "U" shaped depression just above the sternum, in between the clavicles. |
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Term
| 3 parts of the sternum or (breatbone) |
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Definition
| Manubrium, the body and the xiphoid process |
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Term
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Definition
| down the manubriu a few centimeters, distinct bony ridge. also called the angle of Louis |
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Term
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Definition
| bony spur protruding at the base of the neck |
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Term
| 3 anterior reference lines |
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Definition
anterior axillary line
midclavicular line
midsternal line |
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Term
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Definition
| this is the middle section of the thoracic cavity containing the esophagus, trachea, heart, and great vessels. |
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Term
| which lung is shorter and why? |
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Definition
| the right lung because of the liver. |
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Term
| which lung is narrower and why? |
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Definition
| the left lung is narrower because the heart bulges to the let. |
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Term
| How many lobes do both lungs have? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| thin, slppery, forms an envelop between the lungs and the chest wall. |
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Term
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Definition
| lines the outside of the lungs, dipping down into the fisures |
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Term
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Definition
| lining the inside of the chest wall and diaphragm |
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Term
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Definition
| lies anterior to the espophagus and is 10 to 11 cm long in adults. |
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Term
| What two things transport gases between the enviroment and the lung parnechyma? and constitue the dead space? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| is a functional respriatory unit that consists of the bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and the alveoli |
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Term
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Definition
| clustered like grapes around each alveolar duct. increased the space for gaseous exchange. creates a surface area for gas exchange that is as large as a tennis court! |
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Term
| What are the 4 major functions of the respriatory system? |
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Definition
1. Supply oxygen to the body for energy production
2. remove carbon dioxide as a waste product of energy reaction.
3. maintain homeostasis of arterial blood
4. maintain heat exchange. |
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Term
| increase/decreas oxygen in the blood |
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Definition
increase- hypercapnia
decrease- hypooxemia |
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Term
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Definition
- increase the size of the thoracic container, creating a slightly negative pressure in relation to the atmosphere
- contraction of the bell-shaped diaphragm causes it to descend and flatthen
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Term
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Definition
- primarily pasive
- squeezing creates a relatively positive pressure within the alveoli
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Term
| subjective data health history questions |
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Definition
- Do you have a cough?
- shortness of breath?
- do you have any chest pain with breathing?
- past history of respiratory infection
- smoking history
- environmental exposure
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Term
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Definition
- note the shape and configuration of the chest wall
- thorax should be symmetrical
- anteroposterior diameter should be less than the transverse diameter
- position the person takes to breathe
- assess the skin color and condtion
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Term
| what are adventitious sounds? |
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Definition
sounds that are not nomally heard, they are cuase dby moving air colliding with secreations in the tracheobronchial passageways e.g creakles or wheezes
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Term
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Definition
| bronchophony, egophony, whispered pectoriloquy |
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Term
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Definition
| is a palpable vibration, vary from person to person but symmetry is most important |
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Term
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Definition
| is a low- pitched, clear, hollow sound that predominates in healthy lung tissue in the adult. |
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Term
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Definition
| the number of seconds it takes for a person to exhale from total lung capacity to residual volum |
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Term
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Definition
| is a non-invasive method to assess arterial oxygen saturation |
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Term
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Definition
| not equal anteroposterior to transverse diameter and that ribs are horizontal instead of the normal downward slope. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a markedly sunken sternum and adjacent artilages. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| is a forward protrusion of the sternum, with ribs sloping back |
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Term
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Definition
| a lateral S-shaped curvature of the thoracic and lumbar spine. more prevalent in adolescent girls |
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Term
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Definition
| an exaggerated posterior curvature of the thoracic spine ( humpback) that causes significant back pain and limited mobility |
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Term
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Definition
| gradually wax and wane in a regular pattern increasing in depth and rate, then decreasing. breathing periods last 30 to 45 seconds with periods of apnea. |
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Term
| increased tactile fremitus |
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Definition
| occurs with conditions that increase the density of lung tissue, making a better conduction medicum for vibrations such as pneumonia |
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Term
| Decreased tactile fremitus |
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Definition
| occurs when anyting obstructs transmission of vibrations, such as pleural effusion or thickening, emphysema. |
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Term
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Definition
| vibration felt when inhaled air passes through thick secretions in the larger bronchi, may derease somewhat by coughing |
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Term
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Definition
| is produced when inflammation of the parietal or visceral pleura causes a decreae in the normal lubricating fluid. |
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Term
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Definition
| formerly called rales- high pitched, short crackling, popping sounds |
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Term
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Definition
| loud low pitched, bubbling and gurgling sounds that start in early inspriations and may be present in expirations |
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Term
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Definition
| sounds like fine crackles but do not last and are not pathologic |
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Term
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Definition
| a very superfical sound that is course and low pitched it has a grating quality as if 2 pieces of leather rubbed together |
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Term
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Definition
| high pitched, muscial squeaking sounds, polyphonic usually in expirations |
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Term
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Definition
| low pitched, monophonic snoring, moaning sounds heard throughout cycle- though more predominant on expiration |
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Term
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Definition
| is a high pitched, monophonic inspiratory sound, crowing sound, louder in the neck then the chest wall |
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