Term
| What composes the bony thorax? |
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Definition
Sternum
12 Pairs of Coastae
12 thoracic vertebrae
Tubular space |
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Term
| The upper aperture of the thorax is composed of except: |
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Definition
CLAVICLE
It is composed of T1 Body, first rib, first costal cartilage, and manubrium stern |
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Term
| What makes up the lower aperture of the thorax? |
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Definition
Xiphoid process
Lower four costal cartilages (7-10)
10th-12th ribs
Body of 12th thoracic vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| Manubrium, body, xiphoid process |
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Term
| Which ribs attach to the sternum? |
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Definition
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Term
| On the body of the stern, what are the notches for the 2nd-7th costal cartilages called? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Articulates with the second rib |
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Term
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Definition
| 1st to 7th ribs attach directly to the sternum via costal cartilages |
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Term
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Definition
| 8th-10th ribs that have cartilages on their anterior ends that are joined to the cartilage of the rib superior to them |
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Term
| Which ribs are floating ribs? |
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Definition
| 11th-12th and sometimes 10th. They end in posterior musculature |
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Term
| What is the angle of louis? |
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Definition
| It's at the manubriosternal joint of the 2nd costal cartilage at the level of the 4th vertebra |
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Term
| What are the parts of the rib? |
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Definition
Head
Neck
Tubercle (faces posterior)
Body- the shaft
Sternal end- attacks to the sternum |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the parts of the rib? |
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Definition
Head
Neck
Tubercle (faces posterior)
Body- the shaft
Sternal end- attacks to the sternum |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the first rib landmark for? |
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Definition
Attachment for anterior scalene
Groove for subclavian vein
Groove for Subclavian artery
it goes artery, muscle, vein lateral to medial |
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Term
| What are the features of the thoracic vertebra? |
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Definition
-Upper and lower demifacets AKA costal facets
- Deep posteriorly than anteriorly |
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Term
| What is the purpose of transverse processes? |
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Definition
| It functions as a fulcra/lever for ribs. facets lie in front of the transverse process |
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Term
| Describe facets of thoracic vertebrae |
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Definition
T1-T7- Facets are concave and in front of the transverse process
T8-T10- Facets are flat and above tips of transverse processes
T11-T12 no facets |
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Term
| Vertebral notches of thoracic vertebrae |
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Definition
Inferior notches are large
Superior notches are not present |
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Term
| Where do external intercostal layers run from? |
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Definition
| Fibers run anteromedial; from tubercle to costchondral junction |
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Term
| Where do internal intercostal layers run from? |
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Definition
| Fibers run inferolaterally; extend from parasternal area to midaxillary line |
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Term
| What does transverses thoracic run from? |
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Definition
| 2nd-6th costal cartilages |
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Term
| What does intercostals intimi run parallel to? |
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Definition
| Fibers run parallel to internal intercostal muscles? |
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Term
| Subcostalis run parallel to what? |
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Definition
| Internal intercostal. Subcostalis spans two intercostal spaces |
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Term
| What is found between parietal pleura and internal intercostal membrane? |
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Definition
| Thoracic nerve T3-T6; anterior cutaneous nerve |
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Term
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Definition
T1- joins brachial plexus
T2- Lateral cutaneous nerve becomes intercostobrachial
T7-T12- found in anterior abdominal wall |
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Term
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Definition
T1/T2- Costocervical of subclavian artery
All others from aorta
T3-T6- Anterior intercostal artery of internal mammary
T7-T9- Musculophrenic branches |
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Term
| What are the 6 branches of the internal thoracic artery that comes off the subclavian artery? |
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Definition
Anterior cutaneous
Anterior intercostal
Musculophrenic artery
Pericardiophrenic
mediastinal
superior epigastric |
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Term
| Venous drainage of the thoracic cavity |
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Definition
Upper 3-4 on the left drain into the supreme intercostal then to the brachiocephalic vein
All others to the azygos vein |
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Term
| What is found in the superior mediastinum? |
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Definition
thymus
Large vein
Large arteries
Trachea
Esophagus |
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Term
| What is found in the anterior mediastinum |
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Definition
| Fat and connective tissue; internal thoracic vessels; transverses thoracic muscle |
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Term
| Jugular and subclavian vein join to form what? |
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Definition
| Brachiocephalic vein which ends behind the FIRST right costal cartilage to turn into superior vena cavae |
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Term
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Definition
| Behind the 3rd right costal cartilage |
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Term
| What is the only tributary of the SVC? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the phrenic nerve originate from? |
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Definition
| C3-C5/ its both motor and sensory to the diaphragm |
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Term
| What does the left recurrent laryngeal nerve lis across? |
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Definition
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Term
| The heart is enclosed in what? |
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Definition
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Term
Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium |
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Definition
Epicardium- thin external formed by the visceral layer of serous pericardium
Myocardium- thick middle layer composed of cardiac muscle
Endocardium- thin internal layer or lining membrane of the heart that also covers the valves |
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