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Thinking and Language
test review on ch10 thinking and language
32
Psychology
10th Grade
01/27/2011

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Cards

Term
Cognition
Definition
thinking, knowing, remembering, communicating
Term
Concept
Definition
ability to categorize things
Term
Category Heirarchies
Definition
dividing broad concept into more detailed sub groups
Term
Prototype
Definition
category of an object, event, or person
Term
Trial and Error
Definition
problem solving approach, a guess and check method
Term
Algorithm
Definition
systematic problem solving
Term
Insight
Definition
ah-ha!! experience, occurs in right frontal cortex
Term
Conformation Bias
Definition
tendency to search for info that contains a personal bias
Term
Fixation
Definition
inability to see a problem from a fresh perspective
Term
Mental set
Definition
tendency to approach a problem in a particular way, especially if it worked in the past
Term
functional fixedness
Definition
tendency to think of the familiar functions of an object
Term
Representativeness Heuristics
Definition
judging the likelihood of things or objects in terms of how well they represent a prototype
Term
Availability Heuristic
Definition
whatever increases the ease of retrieving information increases its perceived ablilty
Term
Heuristics
Definition
simple thinking strategies that allow us to make judgements and solve problems efficiently
Term
Overconfidence
Definition
tendency to overestimate the accuracy of our knowledge and judgements
Term
Framing
Definition
how we set up a message or concept
Term
Belief bias
Definition
tendency of one's preexisting beliefs to distort logical reasoning by making invalid conclusions
Term
Belief Perserverance
Definition
tendency to cling to our beliefs in the face of contrary evidence
Term
Intuition
Definition
helps make quick decisions, not always accurate
Term
Sign Language
Definition
best way to communicate with chimps
Term
rudamentary of mind point
Definition
ability to recognize oneself
Term
6 mo. language stage
Definition
ability to learn statistical aspects of speech
Term
Phoneme
Definition
smallest distinct sound unit
Term
Morpheme
Definition
smallest unit with meaning
Term
Semantics
Definition
set of rules by which we derive meaning from
Term
Syntax
Definition
rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences
Term
Babbling
Definition
earliest stage of speech
Term
Speech
Definition
occurs from 16-17mo
Term
Telegraphic speech
Definition
also known as 2 word speech, occurs at 24 mo
Term
Linguistic Determinism
Definition
language effects thought, thought effects language
Term
Chomksy's view
Definition
based on biological predisposition
Term
Skinner
Definition
immitation, reinforcement
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