Term
| inferior margin of external oblique |
|
Definition
| what is the inguinal ligament derived from |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| extension of the fascia lata as the vessels come through |
|
|
Term
| external iliac artery and vein |
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Definition
| what vessels come under the inguinal ligament before the enter the femoral sheath |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| how many septa are in the deep fascia of the thigh |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what is the fascia lata continuous with? |
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Term
| anterior, medial, posterior |
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Definition
| list the 3 compartments of the thigh |
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Term
| great and small saphenous |
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Definition
| the main cutaneous veins of the lower limb |
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Term
|
Definition
| where do the great and small saphenous veins originate? |
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Term
| just anterior to the medial malleoulus (and posterior to the medial condyle of the femur) |
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Definition
| where can the great sapehnous vein ALWAYS be found |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where does the great saphenous vein drain |
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|
Term
| ascends posterior to the LATERAL malleolus along the lateral boder of the calcaneal tendon |
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Definition
| describe the path of the small saphenous vein |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| where does the small saphenous vein drain? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| provides communication between deep and superficial veins |
|
|
Term
| muscle actions and valves |
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Definition
| what helps return venous blood more efficiently in the lower limb |
|
|
Term
| adductor hiatis -becomes femoral vein |
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Definition
| when does the popliteal vein change names (what does it become?) |
|
|
Term
| great saphenous, must run backwards because of the presence of valves |
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Definition
| this vein is/was commonly used as a graft but must be oriented special, what vein/orientation is this |
|
|
Term
Quadriceps femoris:
1) rectus femoris
2) vastus lateralis
3) vastus intermedius
4) vastus medialis
Others:
5) articularis genu
6) sartorius
7) iliopsoas
8) pectineus |
|
Definition
| list the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh |
|
|
Term
rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus intermedius
vastus medialis |
|
Definition
| list the quadriceps muscles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| most powerful knee extensor due to short fibers along the central raphe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| above the patella, the quadriceps tendon is known as: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nerve that innervates the anterior compartment |
|
|
Term
| women-more lateral Q angle on knee joint, so vastus lateralus has a more direct pull on the knee cap |
|
Definition
| who is more susceptible to patellofemoral syndrome? why? |
|
|
Term
- (old idea)vastus lateralus pulls the knee cap laterally causing pain as it is shoved into the lateral condyle
-may actually be caused by weak lesser gluteals putting pressure on the knee which stregnthens the vastus lateralus as it compensates |
|
Definition
| what causes patellofemoral syndrome? |
|
|
Term
| semimembranous, semitendonous, biceps femoris (long and short heads) |
|
Definition
| list the muscles of the posterior compartment |
|
|
Term
| adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, gracillis |
|
Definition
| list the muscles of the medial compartment |
|
|
Term
Superior: inguinal ligament
Medial: adductor longus
Lateral: sartorius
floor/posterior: iliopsoas and pectineus
roof/anterior: fascia lata |
|
Definition
| borders of the femoral triangle, GO! |
|
|
Term
NAVEL! from lateral to medial
N: Femoral Nerve
A: Femoral Artery
V: Femoral Vein
E: Empty Space
L: Lymph |
|
Definition
| contents of the femoral triangle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what does the external iliac artery become when it crosses the inguinal ligament |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| funnel shaped tube extending 4cm below the inguinal ligament enclosing the femoral artery, vein, and deep lymphatics, comes off the epimysium of the iliopsoas and iliacus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what is in the femoral triangle but not the femoral sheath? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| most medial part of the femoral sheath |
|
|
Term
| medial compartment of femoral sheath-femoral canal/ring |
|
Definition
| common site of herniation in the thigh |
|
|
Term
bowel, can cause bowel strangulation
-more common in females due to broader pelvis |
|
Definition
| what herniates through the femoral canal/ring? who more commonly? |
|
|
Term
| not the sheath! it comes in with the muscle compartment |
|
Definition
| how does the femoral nerve enter the femoral triangle? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what gap is formed by the two parts of the abductor magnus? |
|
|
Term
| nerves, vessels, lymph ->pass through here to go from 1 side of thigh to other (anterior to posterior?) |
|
Definition
| what goes through the adductor hiatus? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chief artery of the lower limb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| artery found half way between anterior superior iliac spine and pubic symphysis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what artery comes off the femoral artery within the femoral triangle |
|
|
Term
| through anterior thigh within the adductor canal to the adductor hiatus |
|
Definition
| where does the femoral artery continue beyond the femoral triangle? |
|
|
Term
semimenbranous, semitendonous, biceps femoris -long head only
(posterior compartment except biceps short head) |
|
Definition
| what makes up the hamstrings |
|
|
Term
| medial and lateral femoral circumflex arteries |
|
Definition
| what does the profunda femoris give rise to? |
|
|
Term
genicular arteries (medial/lateral superior & inferiors-4 total)
+
tibial and peroneal |
|
Definition
| what comes off the popliteal artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cutaneous branch of the femoral n. in the medial leg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the condyles are covered with ___ |
|
|
Term
| superior, suprapatellar bursa |
|
Definition
| the synovial joint cavity extends ____ to the joint surfaces and deep to the quadriceps tendon as the _____ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what lines the infrapatellar fat pad's internal surface |
|
|
Term
| between the patellar tendon and the joint cavity |
|
Definition
| where is the infrapatellar fat pad located |
|
|
Term
| no, synovial membrane reflects around them |
|
Definition
| are the cruciate ligaments included in the joint cavity proper? |
|
|
Term
| the suprapatellar is continuous with the synovial joint cavity so it can get involved in inflammation and infection of the knee joint |
|
Definition
| what's inflamed in suprapatellar bursitis, how does it happen? |
|
|
Term
| the subcutaneous prepatellar bursa can become inflamed as a result of compression or friction between skin and the patella |
|
Definition
| what's inflamed in housemaid's knee, how does it happen? |
|
|
Term
| the subcutaneous INFRApatellar bursa can become inflamed as a result of friction between skin and the tibial tuberosity (from kneeling) |
|
Definition
| what's inflamed in Vicar's knee, how does it happen? |
|
|
Term
the deep infra patellar bursa lies between the patellar tendon and the tibia.
It can become inflamed as a result of overuse or in assoc. with the disease-repeated avulsion/heal/avulsion of the tibial tuberosity
this occurs in young people because their muscles pull on the tibial tuberosity, a secondary center of ossification, and causes an avulsion |
|
Definition
| what's inflamed in Osgood-Schlatter's disease, how does it happen? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| flexion of the knee involves both ___ and ___ movements of the joint surfaces relative to one another |
|
|
Term
medial,lateral,medial,lateral
results in screwing home or locking of the knee during full extension |
|
Definition
the ___ condylar surface of the femur is longer than the ____ condylar surface, thus the ____ condyle continues to travel longer than the _____ condyle during knee flexion
what does this cause? |
|
|
Term
| the femur undergoes slight medial rotation movement relative to the tibia |
|
Definition
| what motion does the femur do when the knees lock |
|
|
Term
| since the knee is stable without muscle help, the muscles(soleus in particular) are not being used to pump blood back up and so there is a shortage of blood to the head |
|
Definition
| why do locked knees cause fainting? |
|
|
Term
| medial and lateral collateral ligaments |
|
Definition
| thickenings of the fibrous capsule of the knee that function to restrict the movement of the joint to hinge only |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| which collateral ligament of the knee is wider? |
|
|
Term
| extends from the femur to the tibia, attached firmly to medial meniscus |
|
Definition
| describe the attachment/path of the medial collateral ligament |
|
|
Term
| medial collateral ligament (MCL) |
|
Definition
| which collateral ligament of the knee is more commonly injured |
|
|
Term
| extends from femur to head of fibula (NOT attached to medial meniscus) |
|
Definition
| describe the path/attachment of the lateral collateral ligament |
|
|
Term
| the lateral collateral ligament |
|
Definition
| which collateral ligament of the knee is more cord like? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the menisci are c shaped and adapt to the surface of the knee joint throughout the full range of movement, what are they made from that allows this? |
|
|
Term
ends: horns
periphery: coronary ligaments |
|
Definition
| what attaches the menisci at the ends and periphery? |
|
|
Term
| deepen the articular surfaces to changing curvature of the femur during movements |
|
Definition
| what is the function of the menisci |
|
|
Term
| runs from the medial side of the lateral femoral condyle to the anterior intercondylar area of the tibia |
|
Definition
| what is the path/attachment of the ACL? |
|
|
Term
| runs from the lateral side of the medial femoral condyle to the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia |
|
Definition
| what is the path/attachment of the PCL? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what prevents the femur from moving posteriorly on a planted tibia |
|
|
Term
| PCL (posterior cruciate ligament) |
|
Definition
| what prevents the femur from moving anteriorly on a planted tibia |
|
|
Term
| cruciate ligaments (both) |
|
Definition
| stabilizes the knee joint in an anterior and posterior direction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what does anterior/posterior drawer sign evaluate? |
|
|
Term
set patient laying on a table with hip and knee flexed and see if their bent knees push back or pull forward too far
"gross" anterior/posterior movment = bad |
|
Definition
| how are the cruciate ligaments evaluated? |
|
|
Term
| torn meniscus, cruciate ligament tear |
|
Definition
| what are 2 common knee injuries? |
|
|
Term
| semimembranous (remember that m is below t in the alphabet) |
|
Definition
| which is deeper semimebranous or semitendonous? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| common innervation of the medial compartment of the thigh |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| common insertion of quadriceps femoris |
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|
