Shared Flashcard Set

Details

thermodynamics/ vibe & waves
mondays test
74
Physics
11th Grade
04/19/2008

Additional Physics Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
infernal
Definition
energy can be used to do work
Term
heat & work
Definition
energy transferred to or from a system
Term
transit
Definition
heat and work always refer to energy in ___________
Term
system
Definition
a set of particles of interacting components considered to be a distinct physical entity for the purpose of study.
Term
enviroment
Definition
the combination of conditions and influences outside of a system that affect the behavior of the system
Term
pressure
volume, change
Definition
work done on or by a gas is __________ multiplied by _________& ____________
Term
force
Definition
pressure is a meausre of how much _______is applied over a given area
Term
p=f/a
Definition
pressure equals force divided by area
Term
equal
Definition
change in force is ____ to area multiplied by displacement
Term
v=ad
Definition
volume equals area multipled by displacment
Term
w=p[delta]v
Definition
work=pressure times volume change
Term
isovolumetric process
Definition
no work is done
Term
isovolumetric process. isothermal prrocess. adiabatic process
Definition
the 3 thermodynamic processes
Term
isovolumetric process
Definition
thermodynamic process that takes place at constant volume so that no work is done on or by the system
Term
isothermal process
Definition
a thermodynamic process taht takes place at constant temperature
Term
adiabatic process:
Definition
a thermodynamic process during which no energy is transferred to or from the system as heat
Term
constant
Definition
infernal energy is ______ in a constant temperature process
Term
transferred
Definition
Energy is not______ as heat in an adiabatic process
Term
are accompanied by an increase in entropy of the universe
Definition
all spontaneous processes
Term
cant transfer all energy as heat to do work
Definition
a heat engine
Term
1. substance absorbs energy as heat from a high temp resevoir
2. work is done by the engine
3. energy is expelled as heat to a lower temp resevoir
Definition
heat engines cyclic process
Term
the second law of thermodynamics
Definition
no cyclic process that converts heat entirely into work is possible
Term
equal to high temperature
Definition
in a cyclyic process, work can never be
Term
heat
Definition
some energy must always be transferred as ________to the systems surroundings
Term
efficiency
Definition
measures how well an engine operates
Term
cyclic
heat
low
high
work
Definition
a _____process cant completely convert energy transferred as heat into work, nor can it transfer energy as ______, from a _____-temperature body to a ________- temperature body without ______ being done in the process
Term
equation for the efficiency of a heat engine
Definition
eff=Wnet/Qn=Qn-Qc/Qn=1-Qc/Qh
Term
entropy
Definition
a measure of the randomness of disorder of a system
Term
disorder
Definition
the greater the entropy of a system is, the greater the systems _______
Term
there is less energy to do work
Definition
greater disorder means
Term
increases in all natural processes
Definition
the entropy of the universe....
Term
W=0
Definition
no work is done
Term
Q<0
Definition
energy is removed from system as heat
Term
Q>0
Definition
energy added to system as heat
Term
W<0
Definition
work done on a system [compression of gas]
Term
w>0
Definition
work done by system [expansion of gas]
Term
maximum
Definition
at equilibrium position, speed reaches a______
Term
spring force & acceleration
Definition
at maximum displacement, ____& ______ reach a maximum
Term
restoring force, displacement
Definition
in simple harmonic these are proportional to one another
Term
hookes law
Definition
states that restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement of the mass
Term
Felastic= -kx
Definition
spring force = -(spring constant x displacement)
Term
restoring force
Definition
a spring force that always pushes or pulls the mass toward its original equilibrium position
Term
simple harmonic motion
Definition
vibration about which an equilibrium position in which a restoring force is proportional to the displacement from equilibrium.
Term
elastic potentioal energy
Definition
a stretched or compressed spring has....
Term
gravitational potential
Definition
increases as a pendulums displacement increases
Term
superposition
Definition
when waves overlap
Term
constructive interference
Definition
waves come together and go their seperate ways and disperse unchanged
Term
destructive interference
Definition
two displacements are added and the resultant wave is the difference between the two pulses
Term
complete destructive interference
Definition
when the two waves cancel out
Term
compression
Definition
particles close together
Term
rarefaction
Definition
particles pulled apart
Term
standing waves
Definition
occur when two waves of the same frequency, wave length, and amplitude travel in opposite directions and interfere.
Term
nodes
Definition
stationary points that dont change
Term
antinodes
Definition
the hightes amplitudes where the largest displacement occurs, directly between the nodes.
Term
medium
Definition
what waves travel through
Term
mechanical waves
Definition
________need a medium to travel on
Term
pulse wave
Definition
single traveling pulse
Term
periodic wave
Definition
waves motion goes up and down
Term
sine wave
Definition
a special periodic wave in which the periodic motion is also simple harmonic
Term
transverse wave
Definition
a wave that makes vibrations perpendicular to the direction of the wave motion
Term
waveform
Definition
picture that represents every point of the wave in one moment in time, or 1 particular point of the wave as time passes
Term
crest
Definition
highest pont above the equilibrium positive
Term
trough
Definition
the lowest point below the equilibrium positive
Term
longitudinal wave
Definition
this type of wave occurs wehn the force on the wave is parallel with the motion of the wave
Term
the first law of thermodynamics
Definition
the principle of energy conservation that takes into account a systems internal energy as well as work and heat
Term
first law of thermodynamics simplified
Definition
energy is neither created nor destroyed only transferred and changed.
Term
[delta]u= Q- W
Definition
change in systems internal energy= energy transferred to or from system as heat
Term
cyclic process
Definition
a thermodynamic process in which a system returns to the same conditions under which it started
Term
an isothermal process [all energy is transferred as work or heat]
Definition
a cyclic process resembles
Term
net change in the systems intenal energy
Definition
the process can be repeated with no
Term
amplitude
Definition
max displacement from equilibrium
Term
period
Definition
time it takes to complete a whole cycle or wave oscillation to occur;
Term
frequency
Definition
the number of cycles or vibrations per unit of time; also the number of waves produced per unit of time.
Term
Hertz
Definition
frequency is meausred in
Supporting users have an ad free experience!