Term
| Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) |
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Definition
| an approach that has been developed for a type of personality that has extreme shifts in emotional state and behavioral instability called Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). In addition, those with BPD may have tendencies toward self-injurious or suicidal behaviors, and have difficulty stopping themselves from acting upon these impulses. Simultaneous emphasis on acceptance and the need for change are at the core of this approach, and specific behavioral skills are learned and practiced to improve impulse control, emotional regulation, interpersonal interactions and overall functioning. The goal is to replace old, harmful ways of thinking, feeling and behaving with new, healthier ones |
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Term
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Definition
| form of directive insight therapy in which the therapist helps the client to accept all parts of his or her feelings and subjective experiences, using leading questions and planned experiences such as role-playing |
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Term
| Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) |
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Definition
| They receive a master’s or doctoral degree specializing in family and interpersonal dynamics. They treat individuals in the context of family relationships, addressing issues from anger and resentment to intimacy and communication skills. Treatment is typically brief (20 sessions or less) and solution-focused. Since 1970, the number of practitioners has increased substantially, and the number of states licensing these therapists. |
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Term
| Professional Counselor, Mental Health Counselor (LPC, LPC-Intern, LMHC, CCMHC) |
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Definition
| holds a master’s degree in a relevant field, such as counseling, psychology, or substance abuse treatment. To become certified they must complete 3000 clock hours of counseling under a supervisor and pass a state licensure exam. An LPC-Intern has completed a master’s degree and is in the midst of completing their hours under supervision. They often treat people dealing with problems such as depression and anxiety, grief, work-related issues, communication, relationship stress, and addiction or eating disorders. Some specialize in a certain area such as child counseling, internet addictions or trauma. All are regulated by the State Board of Examiners of Professional Counselors |
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Definition
| therapies in which the main goal is to change disordered or inappropriate behavior directly |
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Definition
| distortion of thinking in which a person draws a conclusion that is not based on any evidence |
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Definition
| individual psychotherapy that uses art as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool |
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Definition
| the genuine, open, and honest response of the therapist to the client |
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Term
| behavior modification or applied behavior analysis |
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Definition
| the use of learning techniques to modify or change undesirable behavior and increase desirable behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| action therapies based on the principles of classical and operant conditioning and aimed at changing disordered behavior without concern for the original causes of such behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| short-term (usually 10 to 20 sessions) and focused on helping a person to resolve or effectively manage a specific problem or challenge, or to make a desired change. The therapy is typically solution-oriented, and sessions are more geared towards here-and-now aspects of the problem than on exploration of historical material. Goal setting is the hallmark of this approach, and the therapist is more active in sessions than is typically the case in traditional psychotherapy. Most often, those who practice brief therapy take a cognitive, behavioral, or cognitive-behavioral approach to treatment |
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Term
| cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) |
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Definition
| action therapy in which the goal is to help clients overcome problems by learning to think more rationally and logically |
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Term
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Definition
| therapy in which the focus is on helping clients recognize distortions in their thinking and replace distorted, unrealistic beliefs with more realistic, helpful thoughts |
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Term
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Definition
| a formal, written agreement between the therapist and client (or teacher and student; parent and child) in which goals for behavioral change, reinforcements, and penalties are clearly stated |
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Term
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Definition
| replacing an old conditioned response with a new one by changing the unconditioned stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| therapy in which the therapist actively gives interpretations of a client's statements and may suggest certain behavior or actions |
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Term
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Definition
| therapy style that results from combining elements of several different therapy techniques |
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Definition
| the removal of a reinforcer to reduce the frequency of a behavior |
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Definition
| a form of group therapy in which family members meet together with a counselor or therapist to resolve problems that affect the entire family |
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Definition
| therapy that approaches a patient’s situation from the point of view of the whole person, involving all aspects of a person’s life and health |
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Term
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Definition
| a system of counseling or treatment that emphasizes the qualities that differentiate human beings from other animals, such as creativity, humor, play, and psychological growth |
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Term
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Definition
| psychotherapy focused on conscious, subjective experiences of emotion and people's sense of self |
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Term
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Definition
| therapies in which the main goal is helping people to gain insight with respect to their behavior, thoughts, and feelings |
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Term
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Definition
| the symbolic or hidden meaning of dreams |
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Term
| magnification and minimization |
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Definition
| distortions of thinking in which a person blows a negative event out of proportion to its importance (magnification) while ignoring relevant positive events (minimization) |
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Term
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Definition
| the actual content of one's dream |
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Term
| mindfulness psychotherapy |
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Definition
| a type of counseling that emphasizes awareness of the present moment and the feeling brought on by visualization of anxiety-producing situations without judging them good or bad |
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Term
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Definition
| learning through the observation and imitation of others |
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Term
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Definition
| therapy in which the therapist remains relatively neutral and does not interpret or take direct actions with regard to the client, instead remaining a calm, nonjudging listener while the client talks |
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Term
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Definition
| defined as a method of treating existing presenting problems using the interaction between a mental health professional and two or more group members to promote positive emotional or behavioral change; an “open” group is ongoing and receives new members as there is room; there will be a certain focus of the group, whether it is a topic, experience, or type of therapy |
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Term
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Definition
| distortion of thinking in which a person draws sweeping conclusions based on only one incident or event and applies those conclusions to events that are unrelated to the original |
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Term
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Definition
| technique in which a model demonstrates the desired behavior in a step-by-step, gradual process while the client is encouraged to imitate the model |
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Term
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Definition
| a nondirective insight therapy based on the work of Carl Rogers in which the client does all the talking and the therapist listens |
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Term
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Definition
| distortion of thinking in which a person takes responsibility or blame for events that are unconnected to the person |
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Definition
| an approach typically used with children between ages 3 to 8. It is the medium by which a child can express, or play out, internal conflicts and distress regarding a variety of problems. Younger children in particular do not have the cognitive development or verbal skills to discuss issues and communicate directly with words as adults do. Also, in play, children feel more empowered by interacting voluntarily, on their terms, in a modality that is natural, familiar and comfortable for them. Within a playroom containing a range of carefully selected toys and materials, children are the directors and rule makers in their symbolic world. Play therapy provides a safe, accepting environment for children to express their needs and feelings, practice social skills, and reenact conflicts for the purpose of preparing them to deal with upsetting issues or traumatic events. In addition, it affords children an opportunity to find and experiment with alternative solutions to problems, as well as to learn how to cope better. Parents are an integral part of the process, and the therapist shares observations with them, as well as provides guidance regarding ways in which parents can foster their child’s progress |
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Term
| process and art/movement/writing/yoga groups |
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Definition
| all “expressive group therapy” formats. Through active expression, inner-strengths are discovered that can help the client deal with past experiences and cope with present life situations in more beneficial ways |
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Term
| psycho-educational groups |
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Definition
| this type of group is focused on educating the members about a certain topic such as divorce, grief, or terminal illness; there may be some internal or interpersonal processing involved |
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Term
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Definition
| a psychotherapeutic technique in which people are assigned roles to be played spontaneously within a dramatic context devised by a therapist in order to understand the behavior of people with whom they have difficult interactions |
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Definition
| a newer and more general term for therapies based on psychoanalysis, with an emphasis on transference, shorter treatment times and a more direct therapeutic approach |
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Term
| rational-emotive behavioral therapy (REBT) |
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Definition
| cognitive-behavioral therapy in which clients are directly challenged in their irrational beliefs and helped to restructure their thinking into more rational belief statements |
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Term
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Definition
| therapy technique in which the therapist restates what the client says rather than interpreting those statements |
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Term
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Definition
| the strengthening of a response by following it with a pleasurable consequence or the removal of an unpleasant stimulus |
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Definition
| occurring when a patient becomes reluctant to talk about a certain topic, either changing the subject or becoming silent |
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Definition
| distortion of thinking in which a person focuses on only one aspect of a situation while ignoring all other relevant aspects |
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Definition
| the ability to manage the anxieties and problems inherent in every day human life and it’s daily activities and the problems thereof |
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Term
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Definition
| focused on a certain experience that all the members share and the goal is to foster support for one another in light of that experience; in general, this type of group may or may not be run by a licensed counselor |
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Term
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Definition
| counseling that relies upon the conversations between the counselor and the patient to treat psychological or emotional problems |
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Term
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Definition
| the relationship between therapist and client that develops as a warm, caring, accepting relationship characterized by empathy, mutual respect, and understanding |
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Term
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Definition
| problems whereby a person’s thinking about a situation is faulty, illogical, or non-productive; errors in a person’s thinking that causes them problems in dealing with every day life and other people |
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Term
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Definition
| in psychoanalysis, the tendency for a patient or client to project positive or negative feelings for important people from the past onto the therapist |
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Term
| unconditional positive regard |
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Definition
| referring to the warmth, respect, and accepting atmosphere created by the therapist for the client in client-centered therapy |
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