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| 1900 Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality |
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| 1917 Individual Psychology (birth order, Personality, self-image -inferiority complex |
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| 1920 behavioralism (Little Albert experament, observable bx) |
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| 1927 Classical or Respondent Conditioning (stimulus and response bx) |
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| 1928 Cognitive Development (stages of children's cognitive abilities) |
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| 1934 Child Development (childs learning process and language in learning) |
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| 1935 Social Psychology (orginizational mgmt, applied psychology) |
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| 1936 Ego Defense Mechanisms |
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1943 Hierarchy of Needs
1. physiological needs
2. safety needs
3. love and belonging
4. esteem needs
5. needs for self actualization |
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| 1945 Ego Development of a child (relationships between mother and child) |
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1950 Ego Psychology (built on Freudian theory)
Trust vs. mistrust
Autonomy vs. shame/doubt
Initiative vs. guilt
Industry vs. inferiority
Identity vs. role confusion
Intimacy vs. isolation
Generativity vs. stagnation
Ego integrity vs. despair |
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| 1950 Separation-Individuation Process (stages of infant-mother interaction) |
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| 1953 Operant Conditioning (bx therapy; consequences to modify occurances) |
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1958 Moral Psychology
Stages of moral reasoning
Level I – Preconventional Moral Reasoning – judgment is based own person needs and others’ rules
Level 2 – Conventional Moral Reasoning – judgment is based on others; approval, family expectations, traditional values, laws of society, and loyalty to country
Level 3 – Postconventional Moral Reasoning – social contract and universal ethics |
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| 1969 Attachment Theory (child's attachment to the caregiver and phases of separation) |
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| 1969 Death and Dying stages |
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| 1990s Person-in-environment theory |
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| 1990s Person-in-environment theory |
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| Cognitive Therapy (thinking errors) |
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| Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT) (explanation of personality; common irrational beliefs) (therapist educates) |
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| Self-Management/ Self-Instruction |
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| Dialectical Behavioral Therapy |
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| Steve de Shazer adn Insoo Kim Berg |
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| Karen Horney, Harry Sack Sullivan and Erich Fromm |
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Jungian Psychotherapy
(general psychic energy; conscious and unconscious factors)
Psychodynamic theorist who broke with Freud over the concept of libido |
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Transactional Anaylsis
(group settings; teaches trust) (egogram) |
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Group therapy
(members are matched by age and mixed gender for adults) |
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Group therapy
(heterogeneity for conflict areas and homogeneity for ego strength)
(11 curative factors) |
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Family Therapy
-emphasized feelings and self-esteem of individual family members
-she joined the family |
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Structural Family Theory
-joining the family
-mapping
-restructuring the family
-family acts out is session
-spontaneous bx sequences
-reframing |
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Strategic Family Therapy
-change techniques
-therapist takes charge
-therapist gives family Directives
-Paradoxical directives/ prescribing the symptom
-Ordeals - making the sx too much
-Restraining
-Out-positioning
-Reframing |
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Milan Systemic Therapy
-Families struggle for power and protective role of sx
-stopping dirty games
Techniques: hypothesizing, neutrality, rituals, paradoxical prescription, conterparadox, positive connotation, circular questions |
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Term
Kernberg, O.
Klein, M
Mahler, M.
Winnicott, D.W.. |
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| Object-relations theorists |
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