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| The symptom-bearer or official patient as identified by the family |
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| Every message has two levels: report and command; metacommunication is the implied command or qualifying message |
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| How members of a family or group relate. |
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| what families talk about. |
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| The science of feedback; how information, especially positive and negative feedback loops, can help self-regulate a system. |
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| The return of a portion of the output of a system, especially when used to maintain the output within predetermined limits (negative feedback), or to signal a need to modify the system (positive feedback). |
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| Information that signals a system to correct a deviation and restore the status quo. |
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| Information that confirms and reinforces the direction a system is taking. |
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| A biological model of living systems as whole entities that maintain themselves through continuous input and output from the environment; developed by Ludwig von Bertalanffy |
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| Tendency of families to resist change in order to maintain a steady state. |
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| A set of interrelated elements that exchange information, energy, and material with the surrounding environment. |
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| A functionally related group of elements regarded as forming a collective entity that does not interact with the surrounding environment. |
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| The ability of complex systems to reach a given final goal in a variety of different ways. |
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| The process by which a system changes its structure to adapt to new contexts. |
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| like constructivism, challenges the notion of an objective basis for knowledge. Knowledge and meaning are shaped by culturally shared assumptions. |
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| The reciprocity that is the defining feature of every relationship. |
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| The idea that one event is the cause and another is the effect; in behavior, the idea that one behavior is the stimulus, the other a response. |
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| The idea that actions are related through a series of recursive loops or repeating cycles. |
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| anything that patients or families do to oppose or retard the progress of therapy. |
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