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| are organic compounds composed of nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, along with a variable side chain group. Your body needs 20 different amino acids to grow and function properly. Though all 20 of these are important for your health, only nine amino acids are classified as essential |
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| the stage of meiotic or mitotic cell division in which the chromosomes move away from one another to opposite poles of the spindle. |
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| any of a large group of organic compounds occurring in foods and living tissues and including sugars, starch, and cellulose. |
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| Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells. Cell division usually occurs as part of a larger cell cycle. |
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| the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell. |
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| Centrosomes are organelles which serve as the main microtubule organizing centers for animal cells. |
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| A chromosome is a DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism. |
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| the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus. |
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| Cytoplasmic organelles are "little organs" that are suspended in the cytoplasm of the cell. Each type of organelle has a definite structure and a specific role in the function of the cell. |
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| Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) |
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| Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule that contains the biological instructions that make each species unique. DNA, along with the instructions it contains, is passed from adult organisms to their offspring during reproduction. |
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| a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane. It usually has ribosomes attached and is involved in protein and lipid synthesis. |
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| In biology, a gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that encodes the synthesis of a gene product, either RNA or protein. |
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| The human genome is a complete set of nucleic acid sequences for humans, encoded as DNA within the 23 chromosome pairs in cell nuclei and in a small DNA molecule found within individual mitochondria. These are usually treated separately as the nuclear genome, and the mitochondrial genome. |
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| An inorganic compound is a substance that does not contain both carbon and hydrogen. A great many inorganic compounds do contain hydrogen atoms, such as water (H2O) and the hydrochloric acid (HCl) produced by your stomach. |
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| the resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of meiosis. |
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| any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids. |
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| a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores. |
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| the second stage of cell division, between prophase and anaphase, during which the chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers. |
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| Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular) that generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell's biochemical reactions. Chemical energy produced by the mitochondria is stored in a small molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). |
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| a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth. |
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